| Cucumber is one of the main vegetable cultivars. Now, our country have the most cucumber cultivation areas and with the highest yield in the world. In recent years, the areas of cucumber cultivation in solar or plastic greenhouses were expanding, while the growth characteristics and the law of yield formation was not exactly the same, as the quite different environmental conditions of facility and open field. Therefore, special facility cultivars were needed. Moreover, there is great significance for cucumber breeding under environmental condition of facilities.(1) Cucumber breeding materials introduced constantly since2003, on the basis of deeply understanding the law of genetic, meanwhile, purification, identification and screening of materials were conducted, respectively. After that, superior and pure inbred lines were selected. Hybridized combinations prepared in2007, then, generation hybrid of ’jining726’ for inbred line159and131as the male and female parents selected through a series of comtrast, varieties, regional, production, identification and screening tests from2007to2012.(2) The variety ’jijing726’ with dense prick, which is suitable for facility cultivation during early spring. The main characteristics are high ability of resistance to low temperature and weak light, strong growth potential, good branching, lower node order of first the second female flower, early-maturing and high yield. There are excellent fruit qualities, such as, short fruit stalk (the length is1/6smaller than the length of fruit), smaller thorn, fruit without edge and top, dark green peel without wax powder, light green and thick flesh with crisp taste.(3) To inspect the adaptability of ’jining726’ in2011. Experiments of demonstration and extension for new variety of cucumber during early spring performed in Academy of Jining, Southzhang Town in Rencheng District, North Lodge Town in Zoucheng County and Mapo Town in Jiaxiang country. It showed that early production and total production of ’jining726’ was higher than ’jinyou30’, the smallest increase amplitude of the early production of ’jijing726’ was17.16%and the biggest was24.11%. The increase amplitude of total production was more than23%, indicating ’jining726’ has good area adaptability and is suitable for facility cultivation during early spring.(4) The corresponding technology of cultivation was formulated in order to improve the yield of ’jining726’. Density tests were designed according to the characteristics of the species in the early spring of2012and tests of four fertilizer factors including decomposed organic fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate were designed through two general revolving combination designs from DPS. Results showed that the suitable cultivation density of ’jining726’ was3800～4400strains/666.7m2according to the computer system analysis. In high fertility conditions, the order of effect of four fertilizer factors on yield is followed by the decomposition of organic fertilizer (X1), urea (X2), potassium sulfate (X4) and calcium superphosphate (X3). The results also showed that the decomposed organic fertilizer and urea had a extremely significant and a significant positive effect on yield, respectively. Whereas potassium sulfate has a significant negative impact on yield and calcium superphosphate had not significant effect on yield. The changes for yield of ’jining726’were in normal distribution with application amount of decomposed organic, urea, potassium sulfate and calcium superphosphate. When level of each factor was relatively lower, the yield increased with each factor. However, when the factor increased to a certain level, the yield of cucumber decreased along with the increased factor level. The fertilizer optimization program was as follows, decomposed organic fertilizer:4492.5～4840.5kg/666.7m2, urea35.4～40.335kg/666.7m2, calcium superphosphate27.54-32.46kg/666.7m2, potassium sulfate,19.935～24.87kg/666.7m2in similar soil conditions to obtain the yield exceeds7148.61kg/666.7m2. |
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