Genetic Diversity For Yield Traits Of Wheat Varieties In Huang-Huai Winter Wheat Area Of China

Genetic diversity is important for breeding program. The diversity of eight yield traitswas analyzed using100wheat varieties of Huang-Huai Winter Wheat Area of China in thisstudy. The results showed that there was abundant diversity among different varieties, whichcould afford reference in wheat breeding program.1. The results show that the differences were significant in eight traits under fourenvironments and between varieties (p<0.001). Most simple correlation coefficients (r) weresignificant. The correlation were significant negative between SN and TSS in fourenvironments, and significant positive between SN and SSS\FSS. There was a positivesignificantcorrelation beween SL and PH\TSS\KNS. The correlation between PH and FSSwas significant in four environments.2. Eight yield traits were iinvestigated under four environments. According to theaverage values of the four environments, we found some extreme phenotypes for a single trait,which could be used in wheat breeding program to improve related trait. Of which, SN of13arieties were over650in one m2, PH of27varieties were less than65cm, SL of11varietieswere over9.5cm, BSSS of16varieties were less than1, TSSS of14varieties were0, TSS of17varieties were over20.5cm, KNS of16varieties were over50, and TKW of20varietieswere over50g.3. Diversity indexes (H′) were1.889~2.168for8agricultural traits, and were more than2for all traits except TSS (1.889). KNS has the maximum of H’ of2.168, and successivelyPH (2.053), SN (2.033), SSS (2.030), FSS (2.007) and SL (2.006); coefficients of variations(CV) for FSS is high, which are more than100%in four environments, and there is amaximum of216.295%in HZ12; TSS has a little CV which with ranged of5.430~6.889%.4. The results of cluster analysis with sum of squares method for the eight traits showedthat100wheat varieties can be divided into four groups with different characteristics. Thecluster I included16varieties which had the greatest SN, SSS, and FSS, and the lower CV.The cluster II included23varieties which is a balanced cluster in the eight traits. The clusterhad the lower SN, SSS and FSS and the other traits lie in a moderate level. The cluster III was good among the four clusters, included36varieties which had the lowest SN, PH and SSS,and longest SL and most TSS and KNS. The cluster IV included25varieties which had thelongest SL and moderate in the other traits.