The Preliminary Study Of The Key Technology Of Fritillaria Cirrhosa In Cultivation (Liliaceae)

Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don is the first source of the Bulbus Fritillaria cirrhosa of genuine medicinal plant in Sichuan province. Its bulbs are widely used for the antirussive, expectorant, antibacterial, sedative, and so forth. The artificial introduction and cultivation technology is developing during the past fifty years, but there are still many unresolved issues in cultivation of F. cirrhosa. This study is about the grading standards of the quality of F. cirrhosa seeds, the relations between planting density and fertilizer requirement, the foliar fertilizer requirement and shade conditions to provide theoretical and experimental basis for a pilot study of the F. cirrhosa standardized production.Firstly, based on the relevant clauses in Regulations of "agricultural seed testing (GB/T3543.2-1995)" and the research of F. cirrhosa seed, the purity of the F. cirrhosa seeds is92.48%, the germinating energy is60.45%, the germination percentage is94.53%, the moisture content is13.81%, the maximum water absorption is160.18%, the seed vitality is90%, the weight of a thousand seeds is1.724g, the percentage of diseased seeds is0.03%, and the percentage of dead pests and eggs is3.75%. The researches above help to establish the grading standards of the quality of F. cirrhosa for the first time. The seeds of grade I are characterized by the purity of the F. cirrhosa seeds is no less than95%, the weight of a thousand seeds is1.80g to1.90g, the moisture content is12%to14%, the percentage of dead pests and eggs is no more than2%, the germinating energy is no less than70%and the germination percentage is no less than94.53%. And they are also characterized by full shape, uniformity of seeds size, no damages.Secondly, adopt single-factor randomized block experiment to confirm that the fertilizer will help to increase the production of F. cirrhosa. It will increase the rate of fruit bearing of F cirrhosa and ensure the quality of the seeds to spray the compound fertilizer which is rich in P, K inorganic elements, while growth regulators as assisted components, during the time of flowering and fruit bearing. Adopt the uniform designing method to study the planting density and fertilizer demand of the3or4-year-old F. cirrhosa. The results shows that planting density and fertilization levels can affect the increase of the weight of the bulb, but no significant difference in the growth of the aerial parts; regression equation of the increase of4-year old bulb weight:y=2996.41136+0.01091X1-0.02949x2.(x1planting density, x2fertilizer), regression equation of the increase of3-year old bulb weight:y=704.63857+0.004664x1-0.0002900x2. We reveals that with the decrease in the proportion of nitrogen and phosphorus, the incremental amount of F. cirrhosa bulbs decreases in the Field cultivation process. We should increase the proportion of nitrogen and phosphorus properly in the time of "the tree son" and reduce the proportion of nitrogen and phosphorus properly not only to maintain the bulb production, but also to ensure the quality of the seeds in the "the lantern flower". We reveal the fertilizer demands of F. cirrhosa for the first time and lay the foundation for further soil testing and fertilizering.Furthermore, adopt orthogonal experimental design method to examine the impact of shading conditions on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of F. cirrhosa. The results show that the shades lead to reduction of width and net photosynthetic rate, improvement of quantum efficiency, but it has no impact on plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, internode length, production, stomatal conductance, cell concentration of carbon dioxide and transpiration rate. The shades significantly lead to the blade width, flowering and fruiting rate, stomatal conductivity degrees, quantum efficiency, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2concentration and transpiration rate and the increase of height and section length during the time of "lantern flower", but shades have no significantly affect on the number of leaves, leaf length and yield. It turns out that shades do not help growth of F. cirrhosa during the "tree son" and "lantern flower" stage. According to the characteristics of the plateau climate conditions, we put forward, for the first time, that during the "tree son" and "lantern flower "stage, we should not take shade measures in production.In brief, through the study of the key technologies in the F. cirrhosa cultivation techniques, we enrich and improve the related techniques and methods of artificial cultivation of F. cirrhosa, provide test support for the F. cirrhosa cultivation and lay a good foundation for the further improvement for the standardized planting of F. cirrhosa.