The Key Technologies Research On Quality And Effective Cultivation Of Summer Black Grape

In this study, summer black grape as materials, study the variation of environmental factors in the process of facility cultivation, the effect of different dormancy breaking agent and bud-notching on budding rate, the effects of GA3, TDZ, CPPU on fruit growth and fruit quality, the effect of ABA and girdling treatment on fruit quality and coloring; in addition, We also analyzed the influence of expression of ABA and girdling treatment on related gene of coloring, the main results are as follows:1. Sunny and cloudy conditions, the air temperature inside the two kinds of facilities are significantly higher than outdoors, and temperature changes more stable than outdoor, average temperature in two-layer membrane is higher than one-layer; the two facilities within the atmospheric relative humidity higher than outdoors, in sunny day, one-layer membrane average humidity is higher than outdoor14.5%, higher than two-layer2.8%; solar radiation transmittance of the two facilities are not high, but average daily solarradiation transmittance in one-layer membrane is higher than two-layer. The two models have the phenology period of grape early,17days early than outdoors in mature period; but no difference between the two modes.2. Comparison of different dormancy breaking agents and bud-notching methods showed that:the effect of coated buds with Domex and Yaling are the best, germination rate was both above91%, and the early germination period, the branches grow rapidly; effect of germination with bud-notching as higher as coated buds with lime nitrogen; the higher the certain range of lime nitrogen concentration, germination rate is low. The best bud dormancy breaking agent is10times Yaling.3. The effects of different training methods on fruit growth and fruit quality showed that:Type H can significantly increase the fruit size, fruit weight and soluble solids content, increase the anthocyanin content, improving fruit color, and reduce the content of titratable acid. The order that of anthocyanin content in peel is HB> H> T> V. The quality of sheltered cultivation is better than the open cultivation.4.30,40,50mg/L GA3dip spikes at flowering stage,30,40,50mg/L GA3plus1,3,5mg/L of TDZ dip ears two weeks after flowering, use50mg/L GA3+5mg/L CPPU with second treatment as control, study the impact of different hormone combination treatment on the fruit growth and fruit quality of summer black grapes. The results show that:50mg/L GA3at flowering period,50mg/L GA3+3mg/L TDZ at two weeks after had the best effect, which not only increasing fruit weight and soluble solids content, and also reduces the titratable acid content, while significantly promote the improvement of the anthocyanin content; the colored peel indicators than those in the control significant difference. The effect of TDZ is better than CPPU.5. Use ABA solution dipping the ear and spraying leaves at early coloring period, the results showed that:Dip ears with ABA can significantly improve the contents of soluble solids, lower titratable acid contents, increase anthocyanin contents in peel, make skin color deepened; the effect of differences between300mg/L and500mg/L ABA dip ears on fruit quality and peel color is not significant; and effect of500mg/L ABA spray on fruit quality and peel color index is better than300mg/L ABA. ABA treatment also significantly raised the expression of UFGT, MYBA1and MYBA2genes, the expression levels of MYBA1and MYBA2at the second week after ABA dip ears were significantly raised and the relative expression at the highest value. The relative expression peak of UFGT at each treatment appear in advance6. Girdling main branch at the early coloring period, which can significantly improve the soluble solid content and lower titratable acidity; able to increase the anthocyanin content, and make skin color deepened. In addition, girdling reduced fruit weight. Girdling treatment significantly raised expression of UFGT, MYBA1and MYBA2genes in the early time, the expression level of MYBA2up-regulated significantly three weeks after girdling, the relative expression peak of UFGT appear two weeks after girdling in advance.