| Compared to traditional potted chrysanthemum varieties, cut chrysanthemum had more diverse varieties, varied flowers, beautiful color characteristics, high ornamental value; and cut chrysanthemum had many advantages like strong growth potential, stout branches, real hard neck of flowers. How to use means of changing the mode of production and application of growth retardants to overcome the lack of Chrysanthemum potted plant type which was prone to more decentralized, plant height is too high, and basal leaves easily premature could form a mature technical system of potted Chrysanthemum. It would be very meaningful to further enrich the product of potted cut chrysanthemum.Using Cut Chrysanthemum ’Anastasia Green’ and ’Nannong Lifen’ as experiment material, this article was focused on the effects of plant types and flowering of cut chrysanthemum with different planting patterns and different Growth retardants, also initially explored the effects of endogenous hormones content changes on young leaves. The main results and conclusions were listed as follows:(1) The experiment built three planting patterns:Each pot with one plant, top-pinching twice, planting at July5th(AH); Each pot with three plant, top-pinching once, planting at July25th(BH); Each pot with five plants, no top-pinching, planting at August14th(CH). In blooming period, measuring plant height, crown width, number of branches, inflorescence number, inflorescence diameter, inflorescence neck length, and recording the flowering period. The results indicated that the flowering stage was different delayed along with the delay of their planting time, but the blooming period was not affected. The pattern group CH had a higher grown height ratio, for’Anastasia Green’, CH0.27higher than AH,0.18than BH. For’Nannong Lifen’, CH was0.28higher than AH,0.22than BH. There was no significant difference among the treatments of ’Nannong Lifen’ on inflorescence diameter, the length of the inflorescence neck, the inflorescence neck roughness. For’Anastasia Green’, inflorescence neck roughness of AH pattern was5.12mm,0.43mm thicker than BH,0.98mm than CH; AH has the largest inflorescence diameter,0.66cm larger than BH,0.19cm larger than CH.There was no significant difference between pattern group AH and BH on inflorescence diameter, the length of the inflorescence neck, the inflorescence neck roughness. CH pattern was more appropriate for planting potted cut chrysanthemum production, AH and BH could be used for batch production of potted cut chrysanthemum.(2) Using six concentrations of B9of1000mg/L,2000mg/L,3000mg/L, PP333of125mg/L,250mg/L,500mg/L, also set up two spraying time interval of every7days and every10days. By measuring the plant height, crown amplitude, main stem diameter, leaf number, branch number, cuttlefish length, inflorescence number, inflorescence, length of panicle neck diameter and roughness; leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, chlorophyll and fresh plant dry weight; recording flowering period. The results indicated that the growth retardants could control the ornamentation, dwarf the plant, shorten the inflorescence neck length and increase a higher grown height ratio. As concentrations increasing, crown height ratio of’Anastasia Green’spraying B9every7days was0.21,0.22,0.45higher than CK,’Anastasia Green’spraying PP333every7days was0.45,0.37,0.61higher than CK. After the treatments, as growth retardants concentration increases, the leaf area became smaller, leaf length shorter, the leaf width became more narrow, leaf thickness thicker, the color deeper, the chlorophyll content increased, and the florescence delayed. As concentrations increasing, leaf area of’Anastasia Green’spraying B9every7days was8.26,12.69,23.11cm2smaller, spraying B9every10days was6.30,4.97,17.00cm2smaller, spraying PP333every7days was19.37,24.23,30.72cm smaller, spraying PP333every10days was11.80、19.36、22.81cm2smaller than CK. Growth retardants had a different effect on inflorescence diameter, color and flowering duration. After the treatment of B9, inflorescence diameter of chrysanthemum ’Nannong Lifen’ was smaller, the color became lighter, flowering duration extended2-8d. After the treatment of PP333, flowering duration of two varieties shortened, inflorescence diameter of chrysanthemum’Anastasia Green’became smaller.Using cutting Chrysanthemum’Nannong Lifen’as experiment material, Spraying20days delay for the first time of PP333to study the effects of first time spraying on plant growth and blooming. Comparing with control group, plant height of treatment increased10.64cm, ordinal number increase15d. PP333should delay the first processing time to prevent dwarfing excessive, to achieve better spraying effect.Two kinds of plant growth retardants had their own advantages on the regulation of plant types. B9was easy to control, PP333treatment effect was more pronounced. The optimum concentration of B9was1000～2000mg/L, PP333spraying concentration of125mg/L was better. Application of PP333shoula delay the initial processing time, spraying every7days had more effect than every10days.(3) Spraying B9, PP333every7days, and setting four sample points to sample. High Performance Liquid Chromatography determination was used to measure content changes of endogenous hormones GA3, IAA and ABA. GA3content trends were first increased and then decreased again slightly increased, data of ’Nannong Lifen’at August22th showed that spraying with increasing concentrations, GA3content was0.22,1.18,1.80times lower than CK. IAA content trends was first increased and then decreased, data of ’Anastasia Green’ at September19th showed that IAA content of CK was100.28ng. g-1FW,0.09,0.24,0.57times higher than the treatment of B9. ABA content trend was that early change steadily then rise and at last reduced, with increasing concentrations, ABA contents of treatment group were0.45,0.54,1.19times higher than CK.The results showed that spraying growth retardants reduced the content of GA3, IAA and increase ABA content of young leaves. Higher concentration made more obvious effect. |
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