The Studies On Filter-feeding Physiological Energetics Of Pteria Penguin

We measured the Pteria penguin’s morphology, genuine fecal excretion rate,oxygen consumption and other indicators of water quality in March, June, September, December using water devices under field conditions, our aim is to study the Pteria penguin’s changes in food intake and its metabolism during its growth process. In addition, we also used the same experimental method measured the Pteria penguin’s food intake and metabolism when nucleus inserted before surgical treatment(inhibition) and during typhoon comes.our aim is to find out the factors that affect the Pteria penguin’s food intake and metabolism.The results showed that:1. The dry season’s(November to next April) seawater quality is significantly higher than the bait rainy season (May to October),the Pteria penguin’s absorption efficiency(AE) is proportional to the food quality, thus,in March,December,Pteria penguin’s absorption efficiency was significantly higher than in June and September, the value which in March reached the highest monthly minimum0.69, June was only0.43; within a certain range of concentrations bait, the Pteria penguin’s clearance rate CR, filtration rate FR and ingestion rate IR was increasing with the food concentration increased, when over this range, three of them trend to downward, when food concentration reaches10mg/L, CR, FR, IR reaches maximum; with Pteria penguin continuous growth, its pseudo fecal excretion rate RR,fecal rate ER and oxygen consumption rate OCR were significantly increased.2. In order to study the gonad inhibition how to influence the Pteria penguin’s feeding and metabolism, we conduct a gonadal suppression treatment. The results showed that there was no significant differences of clearance rate between the two groups, with values ranging from1.52to2.85. The filtration rate (0.022-00471) and ingestion rate (0.0053-0.0251) of normal group were significantly higher than that of the inhibited group. Besides, there was no significant differences of excretion rate of pseudo fecal between the two groups, with values changes from0.0112to0.0245. However, the excretion rate of fecal of inhibited group (0.0102-0.0239) was significantly higher than that of normal group (0.0097-0.0182). There were power relation between oxygen consumption rate and weight for inhibited group and normal group (y=aWb), with a b value of0.6954and0.5062respectively. Therefore, the filter-feeding and metabolic level were probably related to whether it’s inhibited or not for the pearl of Pteria penguin.3. When typhoon brought strong winds and heavy rains, the water turning violent, then algae and plankton blooms, making an increase in particulate matter in seawater and organic matter content. After the typhoon experienced, the Pteria penguin showed a higher activity in food intake and metabolism, the clearance rate, filter-feeding rate,ingestion rate, absorption efficiency, pseudo fecal excretion rate, fecal excretion rate, oxygen consumption rate were significantly or very significantly higher than that experienced typhoons shellfish. Therefore, while typhoon brings damage to aquaculture, it also brings certain benefits to aquaculture.4. Control the shellfish’s growth traits,analysis the correlation between the seawater particulate matter and metabolic shellfish,we found:Pteria penguin’s pseudo fecal excretion rate, fecal excretion rate and water particles suspended solids showed a significant positive correlation,the correlation coefficient value changes between0.3to0.44, but it showed a significant negative correlation with the organic content.The clearance rate showed a significant negative correlation with the concentration of total particulate matter,the correlation coefficient changes from-0.61to-0.66,but significant positively correlated with the particulate organic matter content,the correlation coefficient was0.23.The filtration rate showed a significant or very significant positive correlation with the concentration of total particulate matter,the correlation coefficient changes from0.34to0.37,but significant negative correlate with the particulate organic matter content,the negative correlation coefficient is-0.31.Ingestion rate showed a significant positive correlation with the concentration of total particulate matter,the correlation coefficient changes from0.15to0.26,but the correlation to the particulate organic matter content is not obvious.