The Correlation Between Aluminum Content In Pregnant Women’s Hair As Well As Its Relative Factors And Fetal Congenital Heart Diseases

Objective: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common disease ofbirth defects, which has turned out to be a major public health problem in influencingthe children’s health and people’s quality of life. There are many factors influeningCHD.Aluminum,being a common toxic metallic element,exists widely in thenature.Long term exposure of aluminum of pregnant women will cause aluminum’saccumulation in their fetus through placental barrier,thus may resulting inembryonic and cardiac toxicities during fetal development.Through the study,wediscussed the correlation between aluminum content in pregnant women’s hair as wellas its relative factors and fetal CHD, which provided reference to the study ofetiological research for CHD and its scientific prevention.Method:To investigate60pairs case-control pregnant women during March,2010to August,2011who came from Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child CareCenter, we adopted the hospital-based1:1case-control study. These pregnant womenwere matched according to the age and gestational age,so as to conduct questionnairesurveys,and their hairs were collected as samples to detect their aluminum contents byusing Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS).T test,varianceanalysis, univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were adopted in thisstudy by using SPSS18.0, a kind of statistical analysis software.Result:(1) The aluminum content from CHD groups’ hairs were significantly higherthan that from control group (P=0.004).(2) The CHD groups,being divided into four groups according to their cardiacanomalies’ complexity and the condition of extracardiac anomalies,are conducted byusing variance analysis.We found that the aluminum contents’ differences in the various CHD groups were not statistically significant (P=0.929).Also the differencesin the two arbitrary groups’ aluminum contents were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The CHD groups,being divided into three groups,according to their condition ofneural malformations,are conducted by using variance analysis. As the results show,the aluminum contents’ differences in various CHD groups were not statisticallysignificant(P=0.989)and the differences in the two arbitrary groups’ aluminumcontents were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).(3) The larger aluminum content in pregnant women’s hair may be exposingtheir babies to a higher risk of CHD (OR=2.425;95%CI:1.037-5.671).Using cosmeticsafter the first three weeks of pregnancy (OR=4.100;95%CI:1.158-14.523)and stainlesssteel tableware (OR=4.584;95%CI:1.414-14.864) turns out to be the major risk factorsof CHD.Conclusion:(1) The aluminum content in pregnant women’s hair in the case groups wassignificantly higher than that in the control groups.(2) The aluminum content in pregnant women’s hair has nothing to do with fetalcardiac anomalies’ complexity and the condition of extracardiac anomalies.(3) The larger aluminum content in pregnant women’s hair and the uses ofcosmetics after the first three weeks of pregnancy and stainless steel tableware are thethree major risk factors of CHD.