The Function Research Of SPACA5Gene In Spermatogenesis And Bladder Cancer

Objective To analyze the expression of SPACA5/Spaca5in humans and mouse．Methods The tissues distribution of the SPACA5/Spaca5gene in humans and miceorgans was identified by RT-PCR. Testes cDNA samples from C57BL/6J mice ofdifferent postnatal days were performed with RT-PCR. The protein localization ofSPACA5/Spaca5genes in human and mouse testis were confirmed byimmunohistochemistry staining. The characteristics of SPACA5gene were analyzedby various bioinformatics tools.Results RT-PCR assay showed that SPACA5/Spaca5gene expressed exclusively inhuman and mouse testis, and mouse Spaca5gene was persistently high expression ofthe mouse testis20days after birth. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that theSPACA5/Spaca5protein exclusively expressed in elongated spermatid. Bybioinformatics analysis, SPACA5belong to the class of c-type lysozymes, the signalpeptide cleavage site between position21and22amino acids. Mice and personSPACA5protein amino acid sequence with a high degree of similarity and homology,suggesting that the gene is highly conserved in mammals.Conclusion SPACA5/Spaca5were testis-specific genes, and the expression of Spaca5begins after day20of postnatal testis in mice. SPACA5/Spaca5expressed in elongatedspermatid indicated that SPACA5/Spaca5might have an important role in male spermatogenesis. Objective Cancer cells often aberrantly express normal testicular proteins. Becausethese proteins have a very restricted normal tissue expression, they may be suitabletargets for immunotherapy. In this study, we determined whether SPACA5is a novelcancer-testis (CT) antigen in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (TCC).Methods The expression of SPACA5in the20paired TCC and the adjacent normaltissues was tested in mRNA level by quantitative RT-PCR.The expression of SPACA5in TCC was studied using immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses were applied toanalyse the relationship between the level of SPACA5and clinical features.Results Quantitative RT-PCR assay showed that SPACA5mRNA expressed in45%ofTCC and not expressed in normal tissues. SPACA5protein was exclusively detectablein cytoplasmic of tumour cells. More importantly, SPACA5protein was also morefrequently detectable in high-grade tumours (p=0.035). A strong correlation betweenSPACA5staining score and tumour grade and stage could accordingly be observed.Conclusion SPACA5is a novel cancer-testis antigen in TCC, and especially in TCCof high grade. SPACA5might be used as immunogen for specific immunotherapy inpatients suffering from TCC.