UV Fingerprint Of Panax Notoginseng

Panax notoginseng belongs to the genus Panax, family Araliaceae. Its dried rootis one of famous traditional medicinal herbs, which possesses scattered silt bleeding,detumescence and analgesia properties. The active constituents are mainly recognizedas saponins. More than sixty saponins, which are all dammarane saponins, wereisolated and elucidated from different parts of P. notoginseng. Modernpharmacological studies have demonstrated that total saponins from P. notoginsengpossesses bleeding blood, blood tonic, analgesic, sedative, anti-inflammatory,antiaging, anticarcinogenic and hepatoprotective properties, which were mainly usedfor treating the diseases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, blood systems,and immune systems. UV fingerprint method is using a variety of different polarsolvents to extract the different polarity ingredients of the herbs medicinal, couldoverall reflect the ingredients information of medicinal detailedly, and evaluates thequality of same medicinal materials and authenticates the different medicinalmaterials. Because the chemical structures of saponins from P. notoginseng lackcertain molecular features, they have no strong absorption in the UV-Vis region.However, saponins can react with some reagents to develop color reaction andenhance the absorption in the UV-Vis region. Using chromogenic reaction combinedwith UV spectroscopy to study the fingerprint can comprehensive reflect the chemicalcomposition information of P. notoginseng and emphasize the properties of saponins.This method meets the requirement for the integrity and characteristic of Chinesemedicine fingerprint.In this study, P. notoginseng samples were extracted by chloroform, ethanol andwater to establish and systematically study the UV fingerprint of P. notoginseng. Themain results obtained were summarized as follows:1) The main absorption of UV fingerprint for P. notoginseng with differentextract solvents were in the190-250nm region. The results of dual index sequenceanalysis, clustering analysis and principal component analysis consistent with thefigure intuitive analysis of UV fingerprint of P. notoginseng. The UV fingerprint ofdifferent samples has small similarity and large variability. The UV fingerprint of P.notoginseng has significant differences due to the different growth period and origin.2) The results of the impact of different chromogenic agent, which including 10%sulfuric acid,1%aluminium chloride,5%vanillin sulfuric acid,5%vanillinphosphate acid,5%vanillin glacial acetic acid and5%vanillin glacial acetic acidadded with perchloric acid, on UV fingerprint of P. notoginseng indicated that allRSD values of the reproducibility, precision and stability of UV fingerprint of P.notoginseng were less than1%under different chromogenic agents. The comparativeanalysis, variance analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the UVfingerprint of P. notoginseng had no significant change after adding10%sulfuric acidor1%aluminium chloride. However, the UV fingerprint of P. notoginseng hadsignificant change after adding5%vanillin sulfuric acid,5%vanillin phosphate acid,5%vanillin glacial acetic acid and5%vanillin glacial acetic acid with perchloric acid,respectively, while the number of absorption peaks had been serious increased and therange of absorption wavelength had been obviously widened.3) The results of the applications of chromogenic agent (5%vanillin sulfuric acid,5%vanillin phosphate acid,5%vanillin glacial acetic acid) on the P. notoginsengquality assessment as follow: the results indicated that the common peak ratios of UVfingerprint of P. notoginseng after adding chromogenic agent were concentrated(distributed in the range of50%-70%); the result of PLS-MD analysis indicated thatafter adding vanillin sulfuric acid maybe classified the P. notoginseng samples tothree classes (Wenshan Yunnan, Yunnan(except Wenshan), Jingxi Guangxi) based onthe origin, the samples from Honghe Yunnan is has significantly different with otherorigins after adding vanillin phosphate acid, the scatter plot point distribution is moredispersed and may be across among different origins after adding vanillin glacialacetic acid; the result of principal component analysis showed that there will beremarkable differences between the P. notoginseng from the different origins andgrowth periods.4) The similarity of different parts (fibrous root, root, rhizome, stem, leaf andseed) of P. notoginseng was studied by using the vanillin glacial acetic acidchromgenic reaction combined with UV fingerprint method. All the results of dualindex sequence analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis indicatedthat there were notable chemical similarities between the rhizome and fibrous root,and between the stems and leaves. However, the seeds and root has significantvariation compared with the other five parts.