| BACKGROUNDHuman resources for health (HRH), as an integral part of society’s human resources, is the most important factor of Health care resources. Health human resources allocation is an important indicator of the level of health services in a country or area. The reasonable allocation of health human resources and the scientific and effective management is not only the foundation of disease control system, but also an important and effective method to improve disease prevention and control system. Some issues regarding the disease prevention and control system in China were exposed after the SARS epidemic outbreak, especially the health human resources allocation which became one of the most important issues to be researched and resolved urgently by government health department. The highly uneven allocation and structure of health human resources has become one of the bottlenecks restrictions of medical and health services development in China. Therefore, in order to set up a reasonable health human resources allocation which is suitable for China’s economic and social development and disease prevention and control system, we have to understand the current situation of health human resources allocation in Disease prevention and control system, find out and analyse the restrictions of health human resources, discuss how to strengthen the team and optimize the human resources allocation. In this case, we will improve the capacity to handle emergency and promote the sustainable development of disease control services in China.OBJECTIVESThrough the analysis of current situation of health human resources in our disease prevention and control system and fair allocation of resources, we predict the demand of health human resources in the field of disease control in the next few years; find out the effective methods to set up reasonable health human resources allocation. The purpose of this research is providing enough data and good advices to government departments regarding health human development planning, strengthen team and group, and optimize health human resources allocation.METHODOLOGYThe main data and materials I used for this research come from "China Health Statistics Yearbooks","China Statistical Yearbooks" and other yearbooks or annual reports issued by several provinces’Disease Prevention and Control departments from2005to2010. The main methods I used during the research are: literature collection, statistical analysis, descriptive analysis, the Lorenz curve analysis and Gini coefficient analysis, which Lorenz curves and Gini coefficient analysis are the most mature and widely used research methods.MAIN RESULTS1. The total number of staff in Disease Control and Prevention Centres in China was decreased from2005to2010. The percentage of health specialists and other professional personnel in the total number of health workforce remain stable. The percentage of health specialists is from76%to77%among other professional personnel percentage is between23%and24%;2. The education level of health personnel in Disease Control and Prevention Centre is very low in2005and most staff graduated from technical secondary schools only. In2010, the number of staff who has diploma or higher education degrees has increased significantly. The proportion of health personnel with bachelor or master degrees has been doubled.3. During the period from2005to2010, the proportion of health personnel under45years old was declined, in contrast staff above this age have increased. The proportion of health personnel ranged from25to34-year-old decreased from29.3%to25.5%in2010, and the percentage of staff ranged from55to59years was risen to8.4%from4.2%;4. Staff with intermediate qualifications occupied more and more positions in health care system year by yea. In2005, the percentage of health personnel with senior title, vice-senior title and intermediate qualifications were1.5%,5.9%,32.9%, and these percentage has risen to2.5%,10.3%,39.8%. At the same time, the proportion of staff with assistant titles did not fluctuate a lot. But the proportion of health personnel with lower level titles was decreased from14%to7.5%;5. The number of disease control and prevention personnel per million people in China are respectively1.58,1.54,1.496,1.48and1.47since2005to2010. The significant difference of total number of disease control and prevention personnel in different provinces is due to the geographical differences. From2005to2010, Henan Province occupy the first position where the largest number of health personnel work, Shandong, Hebei and Sichuan occupy the second, third and fourth position where more than10thousands health personnel work. Tibet, Ningxia and some other provinces in Northwest of China which have slow economic development do not have enough health human resources;6. The geographical Gini coefficient of regional health personnel is0.5905in2010, and the geographical Gini coefficient of health specialist in disease prevention and control centre is0.5832. The population Gini coefficient of regional health personnel is0.1615, and the population Gini Coefficient of Health specialist in disease prevention and control centers is0.1638. According to the above data, the health human resources allocation by percentage of population is more reasonable and it is relatively less reasonable if it is calculated by percentage of conversion.7. The predicted number of health personnel in2012,2015and2030are193314,191375and186137by the analysis of logarithmic curve regression models.CONCLUSIONS1. The health personnel shortage in disease prevention and control system. The total number of health workforce in China was decreasing during2005to2010. The quality of health workforce is not very high and the age structure showing the increase trend of elder people, the proportion of professional and technical personnel is not reasonable and their education levels, technical qualifications have not be ideal; 2. There is significant regional difference regarding health human resources allocation in China;3. The geography Gini Coefficient and population Gini Coefficient is consistent. The fair health human resources allocation is according to the population configuration but not geographical distribution.4. The predicted number of health human resources for2012,2015and2030are193314,191375and186137people by the logarithmic curve regression model.SUGGESTIONS1, Increase the number of total staff for disease control services and optimize health human resources allocation;2, Improve the capacity of disease control and improve the quality of the public health workforce;3, Strengthen the government’s responsibility and increase the investment on disease control services;4Promote the reform of health personnel system and strengthen team and group work. |
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