Analysis On The Five Elements Content In Peripheral Blood Of Infants In The Three Area

Objective:The recommended reference value of five mineral elements for each age group and district was determined by analysing the content of five peripheral blood elements calcium, iron, zinc, copper, magnesium, understanding the mean level, lack and excess of five mineral elements, comparing the elements content among different districts, age groups and gender among12880cases from three areas of China to provide scientific and reasonable guidance on lack or excess of mineral elements for infants.Methods:12880cases health infants aged0to3years from October2011to May2013in Heilongjiang, Beijing, Jiangsu province which participate in physical examination or nutrition survey were chosen as study objects using stratified cluster sampling method. Five elements content on infants were detected by BH5100type multi-channel flame atomic absorption spectrometer. And then, according to this, we can analyze contrastively the difference content among different districts and age groups. The correlations between two elements were described by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Reference ranges of five elements were made by normal distribution.Results:1. In the study, the samples of12880infants which from Heilongjiang, Beijing, Jiangsu three provinces of China were include6858boys and6022girls. It was divided into three groups according to age:0-6month group,7-12month group and1-3years old group.2. The status of five mineral elements calcium, iron, zinc, copper and magnesium about infants in the three areas:The highest rate of calcium deficiency was in Heilongjiang (31.11%). The lowest rate in Jiangsu is8.61%. In different age groups, the highest rate of calcium for1-3year’s old group is22.01%; the lowest rate for7-12month group is13.54%. And calcium deficiency rate was reducing with age to infants. Overload rate of calcium is not high, the phenomenon is not common.The highest iron deficiency rate was in Jiangsu (46.66%). The lowest rate in Heilongjiang is32.89%. In age groups, the highest iron deficiency rate is45.17%on7-12month and the lowest rate31.85%on1-3years old group. Iron overload to Infants was not seen. The deficiency rate of zinc in Jiangsu was17.81%and44.83%in Heilongjiang. In age group, the highest deficiency rate of zinc was in0-6month group (63.05%), and the lowest rate was in1-3years old group (27.07%).The phenomenon of zinc deficiency for infants is relatively common. But, zinc excess rate is not high. So, it was not widespread.The highest deficiency rate of copper was19.37%the lowest and value is0.75%. In the three age groups, deficiency rate of copper has no statistical significance among age groups. Copper excessive have not found.The lowest magnesium lack rate was0.43%in Beijing; the highest rate was4.53%in Jiangsu. The deficiency rate of magnesium was low, and we don’t found the phenomenon of excess.Iron and zinc combined lack rate to infant have statistically significant difference among three areas and age groups. The highest rate was in Beijing and the lowest rate was in Jiangsu. In the three age groups, the lack rate was decreasing with the age.3. The boys had higher copper values compared to the girls, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between different genders in the five element lack rate.4. There is significant correlation in five elements except calcium and copper (P<0.01).5. To calculate99%reference range for infants according to the different areas, age groups. The content of mineral element is anomalies both too low and too high. So the reference range should be determined the floor and upper limit. Provide reference frame for future clinical diagnosis.Conclusions:It is showed that there existed deficiency in all five mineral elements. The deficiency of iron, zinc, calcium was more serious. Other two elements copper and magnesium were relatively less. The content of five peripheral blood element calcium, iron, zinc, copper and magnesium showed difference among the three areas, including geographical environment, climate conditions and diet structure, etc. The difference of mineral element deficiency in age groups may relate to feeding patterns, the types of food, and dietary habit. It should be paid attention to the mutual influence between each element in order to improve treatment effect. The recommended reference range for infants in three areas and age groups will provide a more scientific basis for infants’rational diet guidance.