Study Of Dietary Nutrition And Physical Development Of Children Aged3～6in Kindergartens Of Yugur, Dongxiang And Han Nationalities In Gansu Province

ObjectiveTo analyze and evaluate dietary nutrition status and growth levels of preschool children of Yugur, Dongxiang and Han nationalities respectively, and provide basis of scientific diet for preschool children in ethnic areas. Methods333children aged3to6were selected from kindergartens of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County, Zhangye, Dongxiang County, Lin Xia and Chengguan District, Lanzhou by stratified sampling.24-hour dietary recalls and the food frequency inquiry method were adopted to collected the data. The height and weight of the333preschool children were collected. At the same time, the collected data of dietary and physical development of the subjects were compared and analyzed on the basis of the data collected over the years.Results1Dietary nutrition:(1) In the dietary patterns of preschool children of the three nationalities, cereals were given priority, and livestock and poultry meat intake increased. At the same time, all10kinds of food intake of the three nationalities showed statistical difference (P<0.05).(2)In energy and dietary nutrients intake, Dongxiang preschool children mainly lack of macro nutrients, and all preschool children of the three nationalities lack micronutrients. Energy and dietary nutrients intake of preschool children of the three nationalities showed statistical difference (P<0.05).(3)In the changes in dietary nutrition of preschool children of Yugur and Dongxiang, In the last10years, in Yugur preschool children’s dietary patterns, cereals were still given piority to; livestock and poultry increased significantly; although fruit and vegetable intake tended to increased, it was still inadequate. Excessive intake and inadequate intake coexisted, mainly, energy nutrients intake was excessive and micronutrients intake is inadequate. However, in Dongxiang children’s dietary patterns, cereals were still main food, livestock meat increased, and intake of fruits and vegetables was low; Energy and nutrient intake did not change significantly. 2Growth and development status:(1) Through WHO height and weight index evaluation, Yugur children’s height and weight index in different age groups and gender groups is higher than the WHO standards; Dongxiang children’s weight has reached or exceeds the WHO standards, and the height in different age group is lower than the WHO standards; Han Chinese preschool children’s height and weight index is close to or reaches the standard of WHO.(2) Through Z score evaluation, Yugur preschool children malnutrition rate was3.6%, nutrition surplus rate of27.03%; Dongxiang preschool children malnutrition rate was4.5%, nutrition surplus rate is5.4%; Han preschool children malnutrition rate was5.4%, nutrition surplus rate is7.2%.(3) Through the analysis of Yugur and Dongxiang preschool children’s growth and development trend, in the past10years, the height of Yugur children fluctuated in different age groups in different periods, and the weight increased significantly. Dongxiang children’s height and weight increased.3Dietary nutrition status of preschool children of the three nationalities in Z score group:In different development condition, Energy and dietary nutrients intake of preschool children of the same nationalities showed statistical difference. In the same development condition, Yugur children’s intake of thermal energy and energy food was higher power material consumption is higher, Dongxiang children’s lower.Conclusions(1)Growth and development status of preschool children of the three nationalities are both malnutrition and overnutrition. Diet Balanced are required to meet nutritional needs and promote their growth and development.(2) In recent10years, Yugur children’s dietary are mainly composed of cereals and potatoes, and livestock and poultry foods increased significantly; Excessive intake and inadequate intake of energy nutrients coexist. Dongxiang children’s dietary are also mainly composed of cereals and potatoes, livestock meat increased; Energy and nutrient intake has no significant change. Two national height and weight of children of the two nationalities have progressive growth。...