| Purposes: One: By observing the influence of the auricular acupuncture treatmentfor rats suffering from Vascular Dementia (VD) on their ability of learning and memory,neurobehavioral score, and the morphology of hippocampus CA1region, it makes itpossible to explore the efficacy and the probable mechanisms of treatment for theauricular acupuncture on VD. Two: By observing dynamically the P300of the differentperiods of rats suffering from VD, it also makes it possible to establish initially P300asa clinical diagnosis of early warning mechanism. Moreover, it can provide a theoreticalbasis of the clinical treatment of VD.Methods: Select120healthy and clean adult (18months old) Wistar rats, with theweight of (350±50) g. After jumping experiments,110rats are left. Among them20rats are selected randomly as the normal group, the remaining90rats are modeled withthe method of four-vessel occlusion. Four days after being modeled,40rats areremaining which are modeled successfully determined by neurobehavioral scores,memory test and P300test. The modeled rats are randomly divided into the auricularacupuncture group and western medicine group. And each group has ten ratsrespectively. The left twenty rats are as model group. Before being treated,10rats fromnormal group and10rats from model group are taken to take their brains to compare thedifference of morphology after HE staining. So all together there are four groups andeach has10rats. The rats in auricular acupuncture group are under auricularacupuncture treatment at the auricular points:“heart”,“kidney”and“the subcortical”once a day.30days are seen as one course, and thereare two course all together. The ratsin western medicine group are given Nimodipine orally once a day. The course is thesame with the auricular acupuncture group. The rats are fed conventional in the normalgroup and the model group. Memory ability tests, neurobehavioral score and P300testare conducted at the7thday,15thday30thday and60thday respectively. The brain tissueof rats from each group after the courses are taken to conduct the histological observation, observing changes in brain neurons in hippocampus CA1area afterstaining under microscope. The experimental data is statistically analyzed usingstatistical software SPSS17.0.Results:1. The detection of learning and memory and neurobehavioral scoretestFour days after the model copied: Memory ability tests and neurobehavioral score areconducted in the normal group and model group. Result: Compared that to normalgroup, the incubation period of memory ability of rats in the model group becomessignificantly short(p<0.01), the number of errors increases significantly(p<0.01) and theneurobehavioral score significantly improves(p<0.01).It shows that VD rats model arecopied successfully.7days after treatment: Detect the VD rats in each group. Results: Compared thosewith the normal group, the incubation period of learning ability of rats in the auricularacupuncture group and western medicine group is significantly different (p<0.01); So isthe the number of error(p<0.01); So is the neurobehavioral score(p<0.01). Comparedthose with the model group, the parameters differences of the auricular acupuncturegroup and western medicine group are not statistically significant (p>0.05). Andcompared those with the western medicine group, the parameters differences of theauricular acupuncture group are not statistically significant (p>0.05). It shows that7days after treatment that, in auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group,the incubation period of memory ability of rats becomes long, the number of errorbecomes few and the the neurobehavioral score reduced.15days after treatment: Detect the VD rats in each group. Results: Compared thosewith the normal group, the incubation period of learning ability of rats in the auricularacupuncture group and western medicine group is significantly different (p<0.01); So isthe the number of error(p<0.01); So is the neurobehavioral score(p<0.01). Comparedthose with the model group, the parameters differences of the auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group are statistically significant (p<0.01). And comparedthose with the western medicine group, the parameters differences of the auricularacupuncture group are not statistically significant (p>0.05). It shows15days aftertreatment that in auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group, theincubation period of memory ability of rats becomes obviously long, the number oferror becomes obviously few and the neurobehavioral score obvious reduced.Compared those with each the same group which is7days after treatment: inmodel group the incubation period of learning ability of rats becomes obviouslyshort(p<0.05), and the number of errors increases obviously(p>0.05), and theneurobehavioral score is improved(p>0.05); in the auricular acupuncture group andwestern medicine group the incubation period of learning ability of rats becomesobviously long(p<0.01), and the number of errors decreases obviously(p>0.05) andneurobehavioral score obvious reduced(p>0.05). It shows that in the model group thedegree of dementia increases in the rats suffering from VD, but it is not statisticallysignificant; however, the degree of dementia improves in the auricular acupuncturegroup and western medicine group.30days after treatment: Detect the VD rats in each group. Results: Compared thosewith the normal group, the incubation period of learning ability of rats in the auricularacupuncture group and western medicine group is significantly different (p<0.01); So isthe the number of error(p<0.01); So is the neurobehavioral score(p<0.01). Comparedthose with the model group, the parameters differences of the auricular acupuncturegroup and western medicine group are statistically significant (p<0.01). And comparedthose with the western medicine group, in the auricular acupuncture group theincubation period of learning ability of rats is obviously different(p<0.01), the numberof errors is of no difference(p>0.05) and there is of no difference in the neurobehavioralscore(p>0..05). It shows30days after treatment that in auricular acupuncture group andwestern medicine group, the incubation period of memory ability of rats and theneurobehavioral score obviously improve. And the ability of learning and memory is better in the auricular acupuncture group than that in western medicine group.Compared those with each the same group which is15days after treatment: inmodel group the incubation period of learning ability of rats becomes obviouslyshort(p<0.01), and the number of errors increases(p>0.05), and the neurobehavioralscore significantly improves(p>0.05); in the auricular acupuncture group and westernmedicine group the incubation period of learning ability of rats becomes obviouslylong(p<0.01), and the number of errors decreases obviously(p<0.05) andneurobehavioral score obvious reduced(p<0.05). It shows that in the model group thedegree of dementia increases seriously in the rats suffering from VD, but it is notstatistically significant; however, the degree of dementia improves obviously in theauricular acupuncture group and western medicine group.60days after treatment: Detect the VD rats in each group. Results: Compared thosewith the normal group, the incubation period of learning ability of rats in the auricularacupuncture group and western medicine group is significantly different (p<0.01); So isthe the number of error(p<0.01); So is the neurobehavioral score(p<0.01). Comparedthose with the model group, the parameters differences of the auricular acupuncturegroup and western medicine group are statistically significant (p<0.01). And comparedthose with the western medicine group, in the parameters differences of the auricularacupuncture group are not statistically significant (p>0.05). It shows60days aftertreatment of auricular acupuncture and western medicine have a great effect on theability of learning and memory and the neurobehavioral score. Compared those witheach the same group which is30days after treatment: in model group theparameters differences are not statistically significant (p>0.05); in the auricularacupuncture group and western medicine group the incubation period of learning abilityof rats becomes obviously long(p<0.01), and the number of errors increasesobviously(p>0.05) and neurobehavioral score obvious reduced(p>0.05). It shows that inthe model group the degree of dementia increases seriously in the rats suffering fromVD, but it is still not statistically significant; however, the degree of dementia improves obviously in the auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group, especiallythe the incubation period of learning and memory ability.2. P300detectionFour days after the model copied: The P300detection is conducted in the normalgroup and the model group. Results: the latency of P300of rats in model groupbecomes obviously longer(p<0.01) and the amplitude of P300decreasesobviously(p<0.01). Changes consistent with the P300and learning and memory and theneurobehavioral score. It shows that VD rats model are copied successfully.7days after treatment: The P300detection is conducted in each group. Results:Compared that with the normal group, the latency of P300of rats in the auricularacupuncture group and western medicine group is significantly different(p<0.01), so isthe amplitude of P300(p<0.01). Compared those with the model group, the differencesof the P300in the auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group are notstatistically significant(p>0.05). Compared those with the western medicine group, thedifferences of the P300in the auricular acupuncture group are not statisticallysignificant(p>0.05). It shows that7days after treatment the latency of P300becomesshort and the amplitude of P300increases of the VD rats in the auricular acupuncturegroup and western medicine group.15days after treatment: The P300detection is conducted in each group. Results:Compared that with the normal group, the latency and the amplitude of P300of rats inthe auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group are significantlydifferent(p<0.01). Compared those with the model group, the differences of the P300inthe auricular acupuncture group are obviously different(p<0.05), the differences oflatency of the P300in western medicine group is significantly different(p<0.01) and theamplitude of P300is obviously different(p<0.05). Compared those with the westernmedicine group, the differences of the P300in the auricular acupuncture group are notstatistically significant(p>0.05). It shows that15days after treatment the latency ofP300becomes obviously short and the amplitude of P300of the VD rats increases obviously in the auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group.Comparedthose with each the same group which is7days after treatment: the latency of P300becomes obviously long(p>0.05) and the the amplitude of P300becomes low(p>0.05)in the model group; The latency of P300becomes short(p<0.01) and the amplitude ofP300increases(p<0.05) in the auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group.It shows that in the model group the degree of dementia increases in the rats sufferingfrom VD; however, the degree of dementia improves in the auricular acupuncture groupand western medicine group.30days after treatment: The P300detection is conducted in each group. Results:Compared that with the normal group, the latency and the amplitude of P300of rats inthe auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group are obviouslydifferent(p<0.05). Compared those with the model group, the differences of the P300inthe auricular acupuncture group and the western medicine group are obviouslydifferent(p<0.05). Compared those with the western medicine group, the latency ofP300in the auricular acupuncture group is obviously different(p>0.05) and theamplitude of P300is of no difference(p>0.05). It shows that30days after treatment thelatency of P300becomes obviously short and the amplitude of P300of the VD ratsincreases obviously in the auricular acupuncture group and western medicine group.Moreover, the effect is better in the auricular acupuncture group. Compared those witheach the same group which is15days after treatment: the differnces of the latencyand the amplitude of P300are not statistically significant(p>0.05) in the model group;The latency and amplitude of P300are obviously different(p<0.05) in the auricularacupuncture group and western medicine group. It shows that in the model group thedegree of dementia increases seriously in the rats suffering from VD; however, thedegree of dementia improves obviously in the auricular acupuncture group and westernmedicine group.60days after treatment: The P300detection is conducted in each group. Results:Compared that with the normal group, the latency of P300of rats is significantly different(p<0.01) and the amplitude of P300is of no differenc(p>0.05) in the auricularacupuncture group; However, latency and amplitude of P300are not statisticallysignificant(p>0.05) in the western medicine group. Compared those with the modelgroup, the differences of the P300in the auricular acupuncture group are obviouslydifferent(p<0.05) and the latency of P300is significantly different(p<0.01) while theamplitude of P300is obviously different(p<0.05) in western medicine group. It showsthat60days after treatment the latency of P300becomes obviously short and theamplitude of P300of the VD rats increases obviously in the auricular acupuncturegroup and western medicine group. Compared those with each the same group whichis30days after treatment: the latency of P300becomes obviously long(p<0.01) andthe the amplitude of P300becomes obviously low(p<0.05) in the model group; Thelatency of P300becomes significantly short(p<0.01) and the amplitude of P300increases significantly(p<0.01) in the auricular acupuncture group and the latency ofP300becomes significantly short(p<0.05) and the amplitude of P300increasessignificantly(p<0.01) in the western medicine group. It shows that in the model groupthe degree of dementia increases seriously in the rats suffering from VD; However, thedegree of dementia improves obviously in the auricular acupuncture group and westernmedicine group.3. The morphologic detectionFour days after being modeled,10rats from normal group and10rats from modelgroup are taken to take their brains, after HE staining to observe the rat hippocampusarea CA1pyramidal cells (complete nucleus neurons): normal group of neuronsarrange densely in hippocampus CA1area, cell structure is normal, cytoplasm is enoughand transparent, the nucleus are round or oval, centrally located, and nucleolus is clear,perinuclear space is normal, and no glial cell proliferation, no degeneration, pyknosis,and dissolution phenomenon; However, in the model group, the hippocampus CA1areaneurons arrange in disorder, and the structure outline is vague, and the boundariesbetween the nucleus and cytoplasm are not clear, and the cell spacing becomes larger, with nuclear pyknosis into triangle or irregular shape, and scattered seriousdegeneration and necrosis cells can be seen; The hippocampus CA1area pyramidal cellsin model group are significantly less than those in normal group. There is a significantdifference in model group compared with normal group (p <0.01).After the courses: The brain tissue of rats from each group are taken to conduct theobservation after staining under microscope.The results shows that the survivedpyramidal cells in hippocampus area CA1of western medicine group and auricularacupuncture group become significantly more than that in the model group. Comparedthat with normal group, model group is significantly differenct (p <0.01); the auricularacupuncture group is of no difference (p>0.05); The western medicine group is of nodifference (p>0.05). Compared that with model group, the auricular acupuncture groupis significantly different (p<0.01); Western medicine group is also significantlydifferenct (p <0.05). Compared that with western medicine group, the auricularacupuncture group is of no difference (p>0.05). Compared that with the auricularacupuncture group, western medicine group is of no difference (P <0.05).Conclusions:1The auricular acupuncture treatment for rats suffering from VD canimprove their ability of learning and memory and reduce the neurobehavioral score. Itwill be an effective treatment for VD.2The auricular acupuncture treatment for rats suffering from VD could improve thedenaturad neurons in their hippocampus CA1area, repair the damaged neurons andreduce the neurons apoptosis. This may be another mechanism in clinical acupuncturetreatment of VD.3To some extent, the latency and amplitude of P300may reflect the extent of thedamage in the cognitive function of the rats suffering from VD, and has importantreference value in the early diagnosis of VD and the assessment of the severity of VD. |
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