The Research On The Late Qing Dynasty’s Interim Cabinet

May8,1911, The Qing Dynasty set up a responsible cabinet. Today, theacademic circle has already obtained some research results which gave someaffirmation from system. But affected by the "left" thoughts, there exists the tendencythat would rather give the bad review not praise and many judgments are contrary tohistorical truth, especially lack of system, in-depth analysis on its nature and role. Forexample, in nature, we often discuss it in the stereoty pia and qualitative type RoyalCabinet, and think it as a false Cabinet and a freak. But in fact, With theimplementation of the constitutional system reform, resulting in the late Qingpreparatory constitutional also pushed to the runway it accelerates up. Underthe influence of the constitutionalists and governor asking for fast open congress andResponsibility Cabinet, the Qing Dynasty had to declare to shorten the preparationperiod, stipulate to open House in XuanTong fifth years, first determine thebureaucracy, issue the pilot in advance and organize the Cabinet. The decline ofpreparatory constitutional years made all matters quick cope with, so it was necessaryto set up a unified administrative center in advance to plan the preparatoryconstitutional. Based on this, it was just an interim cabinet that the Qing court had toestablish in advance because of the times. It was a premature brought by the pilot andthe disorder age, too.Besides, its role was not only in the system progress like the academic circle’scomment, in addition to some problems,it had also a remarkable progress in politics,economic, military, personnel arrangement in its half year’s actual operation situation.For example, in politics, it set up Legal Court to charge to write the laws, decrees andcheck all the draft by each Department and made it immediately operate, concluded adecentralized work rule, took the reform of bureaucracy outside Beijing, reduced thefirst county, extracted financial to establish local trial, etc. In economics, it madenational tax rules and local tax rules, planned budget and final accounts, verified theRoyal funds, took monetary reform, expanded shipping and banking business,strengthened foreign trade, carry out railway state-owned and loaned to build railwayquickly. In military, it planed to establish the Department of the Navy, investigatedthe naval port and surveyed the map, cultivated military people, etc. All these laid acertain foundation for Chinese modern militarization construction. In addition, it hadsome operation in other areas, such as establishing the Central EducationalAssociation, popularizing education, rewarding policies, banning gambling andhelping overseas Chinese, preventing and controlling the plague, funding Jilin fire,embargoing the medicine, etc. These also were the event that the interim Cabinetcontinued doing or was going to do, even some already had obtained certain results in the six months. But it also had some problems, such as the bad relationship betweenMinster of State and the poor measures during its operation. In the end, because of itspremature, it was in the serious shortage of nutrition and with lots of problems. Whenit was going to speed up the planning of various aspects, it died young due to theadvance and the disorder. So it was replaced by the YuanShikai’s full ResponsibilityCabinet...