The Study Of Guangdong Salt Crossed The Border And Salt Profit In Ming Dynasty

Salt monopoly is the Ming Dynasty second major sources of Finance andtaxation, so the government established strict salt method, especially forbid across thestate to sell salt, in order to ensure the monopoly. But the whole Ming Dynasty, acrossthe state to sell salt has not effectively prohibited, especially the Huai salt with Guangsalt adjacent regions.In Ming Dynasty, selling salt in a certain area is inherited from the previousregime, so they failed to fully consider the adjacent salt area about salt consumptionand salt supply which lead to Guang Salt across the state to sell salt and take profitsbecome possible. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Guangdong salt obtainedprofit by crossing the boundaries has become an important part of local governmentrevenue. These local government including the Governor-General of Guangdong andGuangxi and Grand coordinators of The South of Jiangxi Province. In order to obtainthe benefits, the local government support Guangdong salt across the salt areaboundary to sale. Two Huai salt industry profits all used by edge military institutions,gradually attached to the side of the military organization. Another factor is the centralgovernment pay more attention to stabilization, so the Guangdong’s behavior of crossthe borde has not been directly opposed from Two Huai. in addition to Zhengdeperiod, the central government holds that they should adhere to the Hongwu PeriodSystem, so they forbid Guangdong further cross-border. In the medium term of Jiajing,there was a serious financial crisis challenge the central government. To resolve thefinancial crisis, the central government take inappropriate measures that add TwoHuai’s tax and predatory Southern Jiangxi’s salt profits. In Wanli period, the abovesituation is more serious.Monopoly system difficult to sustain, taking backdeprivation salt area is impossible for Two Huai.In this paper, on the basis of the existing research results, the author tries to studythe collection and distribution of profits about salt within salt monopoly system bysolving the drawbacks of dividing salt sales area in the early Ming Dynasty、Changein Guang and Huai salt field、Guangdong Salt border area change、Salt industry profitin the role of local government finance and so on series of problems. The thesisconsists of introduction, body and conclusion.The first part of the body：research the weakness of dividing of salt sales areathat they failed to fully consider the adjacent salt area about salt consumption and saltsupply in Hong Wu period. Also, the government ignored the Guangdong andGuangxi is mountainous and Near the sea which lead to Difficulties on salt sales. Inthis part of the contents, the author reviews the related materials about the firstattempt to cross the realm of Guangdong Salt sales which named “Guangdong Salttransported to the West” to prove reasons for the event ended.The second part of the body: Through the analysis of Kaizhong implementation status in Yongle and Jingtai period, compare Two Huai and Guangdong salt industry.On this basis, the author discusses the establishment of cross-border sales system inTianshun period. In order to make the paper carefully, the author prove the feasibilityof implementation of the cross-border sales system by estimating the merchant’sprofits across the state.The third part of the body: First of all, the author investigated Two Huai saltindustry economic damage from the unrestricted power of the emperor andGovernor-General of Guangdong and Guangxi’s Salt profit was transported to thepalace. Followed by an analysis of local government to obtain salt profits and notwilling to fight against smuggling. For example, the fight against supervisory officialstake measures against private salt. At the end, the author analyses the cause of thesouth of Jiangxi Province established salt profit system in Zhengde period.The fourth part: in this section, the author mainly discusses the policy evolutionof the exceeding prescriptive salt in Jiajing period. As the financial crisis deepened,the central government take inappropriate measures that add Two Huai’s tax andpredatory Southern Jiangxi’s salt profits.In this part, Pang Shangpeng adjusted TwoHuai salt industry in Longqing period、the debate caused by the transport of saltbetween Guangdong and Guangxi、depredate Salt profits in the Wanli period are allresearched.The conclusion part summarizes the full text. Points out that in the monopolysystem, Two Huai salt industry in the hands of the central,but the Guangdong salt is inthe hands of local government. So the local government support Guangdong salt overthe realm which help Guangdong salt win the sales territory dispute. But whether thecentral or local, have failed to take long-term measures to stabilize the monopolysystem.