Research On Grief Experience And Relative Factors Of254Suicide Survivors In Rural China

Objective: To explore the grief experience and correlative factors of rural suicidesurvivors after the loved one committed suicide. By comparative study find out thedifference and the characteristic of grief experience among suicide survivors, accidentsurvivors and disease survivors. And provide a scientific evidence of the interventionstrategies and measures for the rural area suicide survivors.Method: Randomly selecting eight villages from town of Da Lian, Liao Ningprovince as sample site. Collecting all of suicide accident and disease deceased5yearsbetween1st October2006and1st October2011, and choosing1~3relatives (includeparents, spouses, children, siblings) of the deceased as research object. Using GriefExperience Questionnaire (GEQ), Symptom Check List (SCL-90), Coping StylesQuestionnaire (CSQ), NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Perceived SocialSupport Scale (PSSS), Paykel’s Interview for Recent Life Events (IRLE) and SocialDemography Questionnaire as research tools for all the465bereaved, including254suicide survivors of200completed suicides,100accident survivors of75accidentdeaths and111disease survivors of81natural disease deaths, to do the one-to-oneon-scene psychological interview and questionnaire.Result:(1) The total score and each factor score of GEQ of suicide survivors arehigher than accident survivors’ and disease survivors’, Significant differences in factorsexpect guilt, physical reactions and self-destructive behavior, and there are extremelysignificant difference among the total score(F=54.365, p<0.001), factor score ofshame(F=90.428, p<0.001), unique reactions(F=94.229, p<0.001), responsibility(F=26.625, p<0.001), rejection (F=58.787, p<0.001), general grief reactions(F=37.447,p<0.001), search for explanation(F=14.884, p<0.001).(2) Cause of gender(t=-4.271，p<0.001), category of relatives(F=11.041， p<0.001), intimacy with the deceased(F=6.769，p<0.001), the grief of suicide survivor exist statistical differences. The ruralfemale suicide survivors (129.65±37.93) scored higher than men (111.46±28.47); the score of mother suicide survivor (151.03±43.07) and wife suicide survivor(130.37±34.22) are higher than other kinds of relatives; the survivor who has the bestrelationship with the deceased(140.35±34.78) gets the highest score.(3) The griefexperience of rural suicide survivors shows tendency of gradually decreased with time.(4) The total score of GEQ of suicide survivor has a significant negative correlationwith education years (r=-0.137, p<0.01) and Annual household income (r=-0.220,p<0.01); Positive correlated with the total score of SCL-90and all the ten factors;Negative correlated with the mature coping style (r=-0.127, p<0.05) of Coping StylesQuestionnaire (CSQ) and positive correlated with the immature coping style (r=0.374,p<0.01) and mixed coping style (r=0.278, p<0.01); Positive correlation with theneuroticism (r=0.536, p<0.01) of NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and negativewith the factor of extraversion (r=-0.293, p<0.01); Negative correlated with the familysupport factor (r=-0.133, p<0.05) of Perceived social support scale (PSSS).(5) Multiplestepwise regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of suicidesurvivor grief experience according to the regression coefficients in order are categoryof relatives(β=0.282), neuroticism dimension of person (β=0.232), factor depression ofSCL-90(β=0.178), time of bereaved(β=-0.171), anxiety of SCL-90(β=0.169), religionbelief(β=-0.167) and intimacy with the deceased（β=0.119), The linear regression modelwas significant (F=37.49, p=0.000).Conclusion:(1)Rural suicide survivors has more intensity grief experience thanaccident and disease survivors, and the total score and each factor score of Griefexperience questionnaire of suicide survivors are higher than other survivors’. Suicidesurvivors experience high Shame, Guilt, Responsibility, Rejection and Stigmatization;feel less social support and continuously search for motive of the suicide; always hidesuicide event to others.(2)The grief experience of rural suicide survivors is strongest in1year, then shows tendency of gradually decreased with time.(3)There are differencesamong different relatives; parents and spouses have serious grief experience andsiblings’ reaction is less.(4) By education degree is higher, the higher the familyincome, positive way to cope with families, good family support, the grief experience ofrural suicide survivors is more light; Suicide survivors with personality of neuroticismand bad mental and physical heath have more intensity grief experience.(5) Multiplestepwise regression analysis showed that category of relatives, nervousness personality,factor depression and anxiety of SCL-90, time of bereaved, religion belief and intimacy with the deceased are main factor influencing rural suicide survivors’ grief experience.Noteworthy, parents and spouse suicide survivor are high pressure groups, and they arehigh-risk of grief and suicide.(6) Grief and psychological crisis intervention of ruralsuicide survivors is suggested:1) set up suicide survivor psychological help supportgroup;2) improve the professional psychological crisis intervention;3) Strengthen thepsychological health education and popularized nine-year compulsory education of ruralresidents.