The Differences Of Impulsivity Between High And Low Gambling Cognitive Bias Groups In College Students

Objective:In order to examine the feature of impulsivity in high and low gambling cognitive bias groups of university students, this study combined using impulsivity self rating scales and impulsivity behavior tasks to explore the difference feature of impulsivity between the high gambling cognitive bias group and the low one. The aims of the present study were as follows:(1)To examine difference characteristics of impulsivity in high and low gambling cognitive bias of university students in impulsivity self rating scales;(2) To investigate difference of impulsivity in high and low gambling cognitive bias of university students in impulsivity behavior tasks;(3) To investigate the relationship between self rating impulsivity scale scores and impulsivity behavior tasks performance.Method:(1) Using stratified sampling approach selected1065participants from6Changsha universities as the subjects of investigation, all subjects fulfilled the GRCS-C,BIS-11and ZKPQ;(2)110subjects were selected according to Gambling Related Cognition Scale (GRCS-C) score, excluding from pathological gambling and substance addiction.52high gambling cognitive bias students and58low gambling cognitive bias students completed Iowa gambling task(IGT) and Go/No-Go task on computer.Results:(1)Self rating scale results:the high gambling cognitive bias group had a significant higher BIS-11total and subscales score, Impulsive Sensation Seeking score than the low gambling cognitive bias group(p<0.05). (2) IGT results:referring the previous study, we compared the high gambling cognitive bias group decision-making performance, decision-making strategy conversion, decision-making under different frequency of punishment, different reinforcement conditions, conversion ratio under different conditions with the low gambling cognitive bias group according to different blocks. The main effect of decision-making performance, decision-making strategy conversion, blocks were not significant (p>0.05), interaction of decision-making performance, decision-making strategy conversion and groups were not significant (p>0.05); The main effect of decision-making under different frequency of punishment were significant (p<0.001), the frequency of punishment had a significant impact on individuals’ choice, The main effect of groups were not significant (p>0.05), interaction of different frequency of punishment and groups were not significant (p>0.05); The main effect of different reinforcement conditions were significant (p<0.001), the main effect of groups were not significant(p>0.05),interaction of different reinforcement conditions and groups were not significant (p>0.05).(3) Go/No-Go results:we compared the high gambling cognitive bias group’ correct rate, commission errors,omission errors, commission errors of gambling words and neutral words,reaction time of gambling words and neutral words with the low gambling ccognitive bias group.The results showed that the two groups were not significant difference in those variables.(4) the correlation between impulsivity self rating scale scores and impulsivity behavior tasks performance were analysed, the results showed that the BIS-11total and subscales score were significant positive correlated with Impulsive-Sensation Seeking score,but there were not significant correlated between BIS-11, Impulsive-Sensation Seeking score and IGT’ performance, commission errors of Go/No-Go, and exploratory factor analysis found that impulsivity self rating scale scores, net score of IGT and commission errors of Go/No Go loading on three different factors respectively.Conclusions:(1) compare to low gambling cognitive bias of university students, the high gambling cognitive bias group has a higher trait impulsivity scores;(2)the high and low gambling cognitive bias group were all characterized by "priority risk averse" decision-making pattern,but the high gambling cognitive bias group has a impulsive tendeccy;(3) the high and low gambling cognitive bias group are not significant difference in behavior inhibition;(4) the correlation between impulsivity self rating scale scores and impulsivity behavior tasks are not significantly support that impulsivity self rating scales and impulsivity behavior tasks measured different aspects of impulsivity.