A Rescarshs On Legitimism Between Wei And Shu In Song And Jin Dynasties

This paper is divided into four chapters,The first three chapters will analyze comprehensively the change for legitimism between Wei and Shu in Song and Jin Dynasties, and explain the reasons which caused it from the new legitimacy under the new pattern based on the ethnic relations.In Northern Song Dynasty, most scholars insisted Wei’s legitimism on the basis of the standards of "Exploits". Therefore,"the Emperor Wei is the real ruler" predominated, which brought the phenomena that the Three Kingdoms was thought highly of by people and they were inclined to praise Cao and criticize Liu. In Northern Song Dynasty, The most of scholars insisted Wei’s legitimism on the basis of the standards of Exploits,This is determined by the situation that Song、Liao and Xia dynasties existed side by side.Although tumultuous Five Dynasties is united by Song, Khitan established Liao Dynasty in the north, Dangxiang established Xia Dynasty in the northwest. Songtaizong desired to dominate the world, but failed to complete. Although Song failed in Several wars with Liao and Xixia, never completely abandoned the idea of unified China. Songshenzong Changed the strategy from defense strategic into the offensive strategic. In this context, Northern Song Dynasty scholars advocated the "exploits" was the standards of legitimism. The Chunqiu theory developed rapidly in the Northern Song Dynasty. The theory of Respect the King and Unified world in Chunqiu affect deeply legitimism’s standards of exploits.In Southern Song Dynasty, most scholars like Zhu Xi, Zhang Shi and Zhou Mi insisted Shu’ legitimism on the basis of the standards of Morality and Status. The scholars began to criticize the Three Kingdoms, praised Liu and criticised Cao.Southern Song and Jin dynasties existed in North-South confrontation, After the failure of several Northern expeditions,Ruler in Southern Song Dynasty Acompletely abandoned the idea of unified China, Just wanted to live in peace In the southeast Area. This situation was similar with Shu Dynasty that lived in Southwest Area. So most scholars in Southern Song Dynasty insisted Shu’s legitimism on the basis of the standards of Morality and Status, thought that Liubei has lineage of han Dynasty and Respected by the people. So legitimism Belong to the Shu. The Li theory developed rapidly in the Southern Song Dynasty, Emphasised on morality and order, regarded wei as a Unauthorized Regime.In Jin Dynasty, scholars insisted Shu’ legitimism on the basis of the standards of Morality.For the purposes of Jin, nature of the minority regime Must be avoided the the standards of Lineage. Only in this way can help him existed reasonablely. So Jin Dynasty make use of Confucian culture to melt Lineage concept.With the comprehensive implementation of Confucianism in Jin Dynasty, Morality gradually became the standards of legitimism. Scholars in Jin Dynasty agreed with the opinion that Southern Song Dynasty schola insisted Shu’ legitimism on the basis of the standards of Morality.After Song and Kim advocated and Influenced by Status that the Li theory emphasise In the late feudal society, Concept that the Kingdom Wei was the real ruler and the Kingdom Shu was the invader entrust the pursuit of WisdomKing and good policy in the late feudal society. This argument has been mainstream consciousness In the Chinese ancient society.