Negotiation Of Opium Prohibition Between China And English In The Early Republic Of China From1912to1918

The Opium brought grave disaster to the Chinese people. In order to resist theopium, Chinese people are indomitable to struggle. This paper attempts to use theBritish Parliamentary documents to describe the negotiation in some key issues ofsmoke prohibition at southeast China in early Republic of China, to explore thereasons that Chinese gain the achievement of prohibition smoking, and to show howcomplicated to extinguish smoking and the effort of Chinese people.At the first part the paper account for the background of prohibition smoking inearly Republic of China, namely at late Qing Dynasty, Chinese Government andEnglish Government had acquired some results as the representative of “OpiumAgreement” in1911in the negotiations. But at the same time, it still exists a series ofproblems to be solved. In the following article, narrate the negotiations about thepurchase and destruction of the Indian opium which stock in Shanghai, the prohibitionto cultivate native poppy and import Indian opium, and specific issues in opiumsoutheast provinces. It can be seen in the memorandum that Britain and ChineseGovernment explain their reasons as far as possible to safeguard their own interests.Each question must go through several business negotiation can be solved.At the end of the article, discusses the powers which force the negotiation. Thearticle believes existing two powers, international and domestic, two driving force topromote the negotiation. From the perspective of Chinese Government, internationalforces including the International Opium Conference and the British domestic publicopinion which support for China anti smoking; and the domestic forces including theefforts that Chinese government and people against opium。The comprehensivefunction of various forces smoking negotiation smoothly.