Study On Republic Of China Government’s Resettlement And Reconscration To Japanese Prisoners Of War During Anti-Japanese War

Current research on the Japanese prisoners of war dur-ing the Anti-Japanese War is relatively weak, especially about the national government’s resettlementand and transformation to the prisoners. Based on the file during Republic of China period, the Government Gazette, newspapers, memoirs materials, oral history material intended to deepen the analysis and interpretation of research on the issues.This paper is divided into two parts, resettlement and reconstruction.In terms of Japanese prisoners of war’s resettlement. The number of Japanese prisoners who were captured by Chinese army is increasing with the expansion of the scale of the Anti-Japanese War. Event of unauthorized disposal of the Japanese prisoners of war and booty ensued. To solve the problem of Japanese prisoners of war, the national government through the enactment of a series of rules and decrees established the preferential treatment of prisoners policy. Meanwhile, in order to accommodated and transform the Japanese prisoners of war, the national government set up a military of the first, second and third camps. This three official camps were founded in Xi’an Guilin and Changde in1938-1939. The second and third camps after the merger moved into the stable period of development in Guizhou Zhenyuan. Second camps which moved to Chongqing in1944complete the historic mission after experiencing the last expansion.In terms of Japanese prisoners of war’s transform. In Kaji Wataru’s interactive promotion, national government policies for the Japanese prisoners of war developed by the preferential treatment to transform captive prisoners and prisoners organized for war service. In the beginning of the transformation of the Japanese prisoners, as part of the policy failures, the effect is not ideal.Through the promotion and practice of Wang Dajie, Kaji Wataru, Kang Taichuan other progressive parties, the transformation of Japanese prisoners have been greatly improved.The main transformation methods are preferential probation, ideological education, classification isolation, encourage labor, prisoners autonomy. Japanese prisoners transformation prompted some Japanese prisoners ideological shift, under the auspices of the National Government and some progressives in Japan, set up in China, the Japanese anti-war organization, organized some Japanese prisoners to participate in the war against Japan, the transformation of productive. But factor in the transformation of the measures themselves have limitations, Kuomintang Nationalist government’s anti-Communist activities and internal political struggle for the transformation of Japanese prisoners of interference restricted the effectiveness of the transformation of Japanese prisoners.