Comprehensive Evaluation Of The Ecological Benefits Of The Loess Plateau Based On Remote Sensing

The ecological benefit refers to the fact that people product according to the law of the ecological balance or put a series of ecological improvement measures in to effect. So that the natural biological system components of which the input and output energy and the structure of functions can be in mutual adaptation and coordination equilibrium state. And do benefit to the survival condition, the living environment or production activities of human.Located in the north-central parts of our country, and as the birthplace of China’s ancient civilization of mankind, the Loess Plateau used to be a fertile place with lush forests and beautiful environment. However, to get its natural resources, especially forest resources, destructive mining activities carried out, which has brought enormous negative influence to its ecological environment. Soil erosion and drought occurred frequently, ecological environmental problems rising prominently.It’s now one of the areas where suffered the water and soil erosion most seriously. And the life and producing activity of local residents are seriously threatened. To improve the adverse ecological environment of the region, our government initiated Returning Farmland to Forestry or Pasture Project, hoping to control water and soil erosion of western area through that through measures such as restoration of vegetation, change unreasonable way of land use, which proved to be efficient to some extent.Remote sensing accomplishes earth observation by means of land, resources, meteorological, or oceanographic satellite. It can get access to a variety of spatial resolution, temporal resolution and spectral resolution data timely and effectively. And it owns the characteristics of fast, real-time, dynamic, multiple angle and large area coverage. The method to conducting periodic and comprehensive monitoring on vegetation parameters by means of getting ecological environment factors such as the surface conditions, vegetation index, soil parameters and so on with help of remote sensing can proceeds multi-temporal ecological benefits evaluation rapidly on a large scale.It provides people with the new methods to assess ecological benefits and has important significance for mastering ecological condition, change information and change driving factors of survey region entirely. The thesis conducts comprehensive ecological benefits evaluation of the loess plateau in the years1990,2000and2010. And the key procedure, taking both the ecological environment characteristics of the loess plateau area and the construction principle of ecological benefit evaluation system into account, is to determine ecological benefit evaluation indexes and the standard of data assimilation and weight distribution of each index, and to estimate each ecological benefit evaluation index with the aid of remote sensing means. In addition, the paper summarizes and analyzes both results of comprehensive ecological benefits evaluation and individual indicators evaluation.