| Aiming at the recycling technical problem of low grade and high oxidation rate lead-zinc oxide ore, many tests and researches were conducted on the refractory lead-zinc oxide ore in Lanping. The grade of lead and zinc in run-of-mine was respectively2.84%and3.223%, and the associated element Ag had a grade of99.50g/t, which belongs to high oxidation rate of lead, zinc, silver polymetallic deposits. Except for lead, zinc, and Ag, other elements has no comprehensive utilization value for that the content is too low. The mainly gangue mineral were quartz, silicate and carbonate minerals. In addition, the influence of harmful elements arsenic and fluoride on concentrate should be considered for their high content.Based on the research of process mineralogy, mineral species, disseminated state and associated relationship were proven. The results showed that the mainly mineral of lead were cerussite, galena, pyromorphite and plumbojarosite, the mainly mineral of zinc included smithsonite, hemimorphite, franklinite, sphalerite and zinc vitriol. And the mainly gangue minerals are quartz, feldspar and mica etc. The dissemination size was fine between the valuable minerals and the symbiosis relationship was complex between lead, zinc and silver, therefore, the separation was difficult. Combined with the process mineralogy research, the process and reagent system of exploration test was established. The ultimately selective flotation was determined through comparing the results of selective flotation, partial bulk flotation, oxygen-sulfur mixed flotation and gravity flotation combined flow. And then condition tests were conducted on the basic of selective flotation.By exploring the influence of different factors on indicators, the optimal grinding fineness (-0.074mm) was accounted for94.6%. The dosage of optimal reagent system in silver flotation were:sodium carbonate1000g/t, sodium silicate1000g/t, ethyl xanthate60g/t, ammonium butyl aerofloat50g/t. Using the process of Sulfide-xanthate flotation to recover lead oxide, and the dosage of Sodium sulfide and butyl xanthate was2000g/t and100g/t. Adopting the process of Sulfide-KZF flotation without pre-desliming for Zinc oxide flotation, and the dosage of optimal reagent system were:sodium sulfide6000g/t, sodium hexametaphosphate1000g/t, KZF500g/t.After reagent condition tests and open circuit test, the closed circuit was determined:lead sulfide using the process of one rougher, two cleaners and two scavengers; lead oxide using one rougher, two cleaners and three scavengers process; and zinc oxide using one rougher, one cleaner, two scavengers and middlings regrinding process. There were three concentrate products in closed circuit flow, sliver-lead concentrate, lead oxide concentrate and zinc oxide concentrate. Sliver in sliver-lead concentrate had a grade of1180.50g/t and recovery of51.14%, in lead oxide concentrate the grade of lead and sliver was33.59%and518.37g/t, and the corresponding recovery was66.21%and29.28%, So the total recovery of sliver and lead was respective of88.88%and87.90%。The grade and recovery of zinc was32.65%and80.57%in zinc oxide concentrate.The "big open-circuit, small closed-circuit" process used in the zinc oxide flotation, not only reduced the influence of slime on beneficiation, but also ensure the recovery of zinc oxide, which is suitable for ore characteristics in Lanping. KZF is a new type zinc oxide collector, has stronger collecting ability to zinc oxide, and with the characteristics of easy to use and stable performance. The selective flotation has the characteristic of simple and flexible, could ensure the recovery of sliver which is associated element and increase the comprehensive recovery and utilization of mineral resource, has a certain economic and theoretical significance. |
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