"Yes" Sentence Investigation Semantic Syntactic Features

Dui-pattern("对"字句) is a common pattern in Chinese. Its preposition "Dui"("对") bears several grammatical meanings and multi-usage. The characteristics of Dui-pattern are quite complex. According to the semantic relations between objects of Dui and main verbs in sentences, this paper classifies Dui-pattern to four sub-patterns, and then examines the semantic and syntactic characteristics of every sub-pattern respectively in order to systematically lay out its diversified characteristics.Based on a great amount of corpus we collected, we have done the following research in Dui-pattern:First, uncover the four grammatical meanings of preposition "Dui". We have revealed that "Dui" introduces the direction or target of an action;"Dui2" objects of some abstract behaviors and mental activity;"Dui3" objects of sensations or attitudes;"Dui4" a point of view. In terms of valence theory, the paper explains the semantic characteristics of four sub-patterns and pointes out that the objects of "Dui" respectively are "environment","objects","participant" and "reference" in semantic construction.Secondly, examine the syntactic characteristics of four sub-patterns, and open out a series of diversification from "Dui1" sub-patter to "Dui4" sub-pattern by contrast the characteristics of four sub-patterns. For example when "Dui1" has some verbal functions, the rest haven’t these functions; the components behind "Dui" gradually manifold; the location of "Dui" phrase from settled to unsettled, and son on.Thirdly, based on understanding the grammatical meanings of four categories of "Dui", the paper furthers its discussion on their deep relation in congnitive angle and simply conceives weakness track of Dui. In addition the paper bands semantic characteristics and syntactic characteristics together to search the formal symbols for semantic weakness.