| As an outstanding literary translator, art critic, educator, beaux-arts critic, Fu Lei owns three admirable identities:he created the collections of translations more than20volumes that are worth his title of translation master; he written The Family Letters with his deeply paternal love for his children that gave a successful example of his family education with the implement of artistic personality; he is also a brave martyr who owned his life to safeguard the human dignity of intellectuals. But his most crucial and the most important value lies in his generous and excellent translation results.His voluminous achievements of translations build a monument in the history of literary translation. Disseminator of French literature in China, he is also the spokesman the most convincing of Balzac and Romain Rolland in China. During his translation career, he published more than30translations, which involves the chefs-d’oeuvre of Romain Rolland, Balzac, Merimee, Voltaire, Taine etc. It’s hard to imagine, without Fu Lei’s vivid translations, how the humanitarian fire of Jean Christophe could spark in China and circulate rapidly and how Balzac could make a profound and durable impact on the generations. In fait, his influence is not limited in the practice of literary translation; he has made a great contribution to the theory building of literary translation in China. His distinguished translation style and the view of spiritual resemblance are widely respected in the circles of translations and readers. In recent years, the translation community has paid extensive attention to Fu Lei’s translation view, trying to carry out all aspects of analysis and to make an objective judgment of its theoretical value. Since the birth of Fu Lei’s version of the Pere Goriot, it never fades the readers’perspective and plays a leading role during more than40years (in1951, the translation of Mu Mutian, published by the Press Wentong, didn’t get a worthy response, the majority of readers and foreign literature researchers respected the version of Fu Lei.) Until after the reform and opening-up, the translations of Han Hulin, Zhang Guanyao and the others gradually came into readers’ visual field, then the introduction of the Pere Goriot presents the flourishing feature. We must admit that the birth time of Fu Lei’s version and that of Mu Mutian are similar, Fu Lei and Mu Mutian are the literal grandmaster, but their Chinese versions suffered different situations. Comparing the versions of Fu Lei and that of Mu Mutian, we are interested in the canonization of Fu Lei’s version in an environment determined:what kind of characters and qualities protect its classic status, which relation exists between his translation view and his translation achievements. All theses are worthy of our consideration.This paper first presents briefly the definitions of canon and classic translation and then we transfer our sight to the Fu Lei’s classic translation. After a brief presentation on the researches of Fu Lei’s translations, we choose the translation of the Pere Goriot for the analysis of the factors affecting its canonization.The second chapter is devoted to the researches on the application of the translation elementary strategies. I want to show Fu Lei’s methods to respect the original text, to overcome the barriers, to follow the expression of Chinese language, to achieve the translation charm and the harmony with the original text.The third chapter begins with the introduction of the resemblance of spirit, exploring its heritage of Chinese traditional aesthetics, its connotation, Fu Lei’s rational reflection with an occidental view and its theoretical significance. Then relying on the connotation of three aspects of resemblance of spirit, I give a concrete manifestation of his translation to show the guiding significance for practices. Finally, analyzing the relation of resemblance of spirit and the classic translation of Fu Lei, we esteem the primordial importance of this view in the canonization, but during the real practices, we must follow the concrete situation. The blind use of this theory and the superficial pursuit of beauty, attribute to the misleading of the resemblance of spirit of Fu Lei.Through the analysis above, the paper comes to its final conclusion:the impacts of social ideology, sponsors, dominating poesy, the entire factors mentioned play an important role during its canonization, but the aesthetical value of the translation can not be ignored. The support of readers and the professionals results in the transparent literality and the aesthetical value of Fu Lei’s translation. His translation view and aesthetical point of view constitute both his unique cultural concept. He left us a rich spiritual and cultural heritage, his translation creations inspire the works of his successors, are also the experience worth learning and respected. The spiritual resemblance proposes a perfection of works, this strict exigency to the translators becomes a standard for evaluating the classic translation. |
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