Davor Second-person Point Of View Theory

Stephen Darwall is a famous contemporary philosopher and ethicist-in American and he is a Professor of Yale University. The theory what he called Second-Person Standpoint that he put forward has become an independent school in western academic circles, we should study seriously.How to explain the nature of morality and moral obligation, how to prove that why we should be moral and why the moral claim have priority over other reasons, these questions have been plagued western philosophers especially as the fundamental moral philosophy of contemporary western philosophers from Plato then on. Professor Stephen Darwall tried to give a new answer from the second-person standpoint reason. Darwall claims that what theory put forward by Kant from the first person standpoint of view the reason cannot prove the moral obligation of the normative and categorical(the priority of the characteristics or moral obligations overwhelm other reason),and only from the second-person perspective of the reasons can we really account the categorical and priority of moral obligation. The so-called second-person standpoint perspective refers to the members of moral community each other to request, command or claim from the second-person perspective (each other say "you" call the other). What we called the second-person reasons were put forward from the second-person point of view of the reasons (such as requirements, command or climes). When an actor put forward moral requirements and claims from the second-person standpoint, they each other presupposes a both sides authority or reason and they also must obey. This reason has the categorical) characteristics and overwhelm the other reason. Moral claim and moral obligation are demands, command or claim in nature which put forward from the second-person point of view, and they are advocated by the second-person reason.Darwall proposed the second-person point of view is pointed out that the characteristics of a contract about moral obligation, as a consensus reached between members of moral obligation is a moral community from the second-person point of view, and it has important implications for our understanding of the characteristics of normative characteristics of moral obligation and categorical. But how to explore the reasons behind the second person point of view more profound reasons, such as common interests, there is a lot of work worthy of our further research.