Black City Ruins Protection Reinforcement Design

KHARA-KHOTO Relics are now the best-preserved and the greatest ruins of ancient cities, in which a great amount of historic relics were excavated, and now it is issued one of the fifth national relic protection unit. The main time-range of KHARA-KHOTO from Xixia to Yuan Dynasty, when most of the constructions seen as relics today were built.According to the results of field investigation, which includes construction process, current preservation situation, disease status quo and environment, found that there were two ways to construction site:the structure of most of the buildings are rammed earth and others like some Pagodas clay-lining; Through investigating, the main damages KHARO-KHOTO Relics suffer are sheet erosion, gully erosion, collapse with the action of scour, cavity and man-made sabotage etc. Besides, infrequent rains, large evaporation, much direct sunlight and big difference of day and night temperature are the features of the local environment.Combined with field investigation results and the laboratory experiments, I think that the external reasons for the damages are rainfalls and sands and winds from the local environment, while the internal reasons are related to the structure of the soil mass and the construction slot.Aimed at these damages, the reinforcement measures designed are like such, surface consolidation, fissure grouting, filling up with bricks and stones and anchor rod support. The proportion of5%,8%,10%,12%of modified ginger nuts were chosen to undertake property experiments and environmental aging experiments. Found that the mechanical strength, property of water-tolerant, salt-tolerant and corrosion-resistance of loess will be will improved by injecting modified ginger nuts. Finally the proportion of10%of modified ginger nuts behaves the best performance also and is chosen for the material for site protection of KHARO-KHOTO Relics.