A Study On Henan Rural Primary Teacher Community During People’s Republic

Henan rural primary teachers were the largest number of working people in intellectual groups duringthe time of People’s Republic.People currently study this social group rarely,which is necessary for peopleto dig its research space and value.The paper treats Henan rural primary teachers as the research target andexpounds them mainly from their increase and constitute,wages,teaching surroundings,teachingactivities,profession verification,social activities and so on.It initially will discuss Henan rural primaryteachers’ real socal group survival conditions during the time of People’s Republic and then analyse its timecharacters further.It includes four parts:Part one,which mainly expounds the increase and constitute as well as appraising situations ofHenan rural primary teachers,firstly states the surging phenomenons of Henan rural primary teachers andnumber statistics of rural teachers.And then analyses the reasons of rural teachers’increase.Thirdly,it statestheir characters. The appraising situations have two sides,one of which is the continual changes of theappraising tenet to the primary teachers,which were caused by shaking political state,that is,continualchanges of regimes.The other one is the appraising situations,which include the appraising and inspectionof the teaching attitudes,methods and skills.Part two,which mainly discusses teaching conditions and the wages situations of Henan rural primaryteachers,is a key part. The teaching conditions have three points,which are teaching devices,class teachingand teaching reasults.The teaching state was mainly simple devices,deficient and irregular textbooks andunbalance of curriculum tables.The class teaching state has more plural lessons,overload teachingtasks,sole teaching ways,mainly inculcating the students, no teaching research,playing the teachingbecause of low treatment.The teaching results’ state was mainly the application of teaching resultappraising rules.Generally it used the judgement of school assignment and the institution of grouptests.Their teaching results and appraising ranks were much worse than those in the cities.Their salary treatment has two features,one of which is the low wage and the other one is oftendefaulted and discounted.Their low wages have two sides,one of which is the low regulations and the other one is the low standard of life.Then it analyses the reasons of low treatment,one of which is the deficienteducational budget,the second one is the abuse of self-raising funds and the third one is the overlook torural education from people.Finally,it talks about the awful enfluence on which the low wage treatment has.Part three,which expounds the teaching surroundings and social activities of Henan rural primaryteachers.They confront the bad teaching surroundings which have mainly five reasons.The first is thefrequent harassing from soldiers and bandits.The second is the hatred and control form rural gentlemen.Thethird is the impact and competition from old-style private schools.The fourth is the misunderstanding anddisagreement.The fifth is the conflict from the “free students.”The social activities mostly involved to three aspects,which are the communication with ruralgentlemen,attending the compulsory educational activities and participating in the revolution.The purposeto communicate with rural gentlemen was to get support for rural education and ask for thesalary.Attending the compulsory education is to respond to the compulsory educational policies actively, tohelp reform the old-style private schools and help rural teachers of old-style private schools receive themodern educational idea.Taking part in the revolution is one of the significant social activities.In the20sand30s of last century,as the revolutionary centre transferred from cities to countrysides and the attentionabout rural normal education as well as its rapid progress,many normal school students and rural primaryteachers from poor peasant families became the bridge connecting the Chinese revolution and thecountryside.Part Four,which is the epilogue.The part draws forth three available questions to discuss through theconclusion of their increase and constitute,wages,teaching surroundings,teaching activities,professionverification,social activities and so on.One is the relationship between the lowly status of rural teachers andthe modern social alteration..That is,in the changes of modern society,especially during People’sRepublic,what’s the changes’ situation of rural teacher group like.