The Division System And Method Research On Ecological And Environmental Protection In Rural Areas

The eco-environmental problems have become one of the constraints faced by Chinese rural development. On the one hand, the achievements of rural economic development usually depend on depleting resources and destroying environment. A series of rural eco-environmental problems are growing, such as agricultural non-point source pollution, point sources pollution from industries, rural life pollution, degradation of ecological resources, and so on. These problems weakened the capacity for sustainable development of rural areas on a great extent. On the other hand, urbanization and industrialization affect rural development. The quantity of high quality cultivated land is continued to decrease quickly, urban pollution and industrial pollution are transferred to rural areas, the above problems significantly weakened the basis of eco-environment for rural development. So in order to achieve the sustainable management of the regional eco-environment, the key is how to coordinate rural development and eco-environmental protection.The related studies have shown that rural land use structure, space layout of rural economic, and land use patterns are closely related to eco-environmental problems in rural areas. The spatial planning can adjust land use structure, form layout optimization, and change land-use patterns, in order to prevent and control the eco-environment problems in rural areas. But the existing main planning did not see the rural eco-environment management as the main object, therefore did not play a good protective effect on the rural eco-environment. Therefore how to introduce the planning management tools into the eco-environmental protection in rural areas is a problem worthy of study.Based on theories and methods of main function division, general land use planning, ecological function division, this article attempted to form a division method of rural eco-environment protection. It did empirical research on Yixing which has typical characteristics, and then made the corresponding measures of the eco-environmental protection in rural areas.Firstly, this article analyzed the inherent relationship between spatial planning and eco-environmental problems, built a theoretical system of division based on eco-environmental protection in rural areas. It reviewed rural environmental issues and the main reasons of different development stages, analyzed the shortcomings of rural eco-environment protection polices and tools, especially the concerns and deficiencies of our existing spatial planning on the rural eco-environment problems. Then based on the theories and methods of relevant department planning, combined with the pathogenesis and treatment needs of-rural eco-environmental problems, following the principle of urban-rural integration and economic-social-ecological coordination development, it built a divison system based on eco-environmental protection in rural areas, in details, it is the three-level division system of "township functional zoning, functional land use, land use patterns".Secondly, based on the theories and methods of main function division, general land use planning, ecological function division, it analyzed and summarized the specific partitioning technology for different division, chose simple and feasible technologies, used tools, such as Arcgis, then proposed the division method depended on different levels.Finally, with strong typical characteristics in the level of economic development and rural eco-environmental problems, Yixing was chosen for the study area. It used the division system and method of research to do applied research. Then combining the dominant direction of township development, it designed the layout and planning guide for land use patterns program about construction land, cultivated land, and ecological land use.