| Suihua is a typical agricultural leading market in Heilongjiang province with a grain yield of134.57million tons, accounting for a quarter of the province’s total grain output. Cultivated area is149,000hectares, accounting for one seventh of the province’s cultivated area. The main terrain isflat and with a narrow range of crop. The frost-free period is120-140days with a concentratedfarming period. Suihua is a city suitable for a large area of agricultural machinery operations withfew people and large farmland. Suihua has a long history of agricultural machinery operations anddevelops fast in resent year. The level of farm machinery and equipment was significantlyimproved with incentives of national farm machinery purchase subsidy in2004. The city’s totalpower of agricultural machinery reached3.85million kilowatts; inventory of agricultural tractorwas up to129,000units; degree of mechanization in agricultural production reached86%. As anew thing, professional agricultural machinery cooperatives are flourishing in this black soil.Since formatting agricultural machinery cooperatives as a pilot basis in the first batch of theprovince in2003, Scale professional agricultural machinery cooperatives to more than ten millionyuan in2011has been developed to109, and89new cooperatives were founded in2012. Totalnumber of professional agricultural machinery cooperatives has reached to198at the end of2012,which accounts for nearly half of total number of professional agricultural cooperatives in theprovince. It is with practical significance for the promotion of the province’s agriculturalcooperatives of professional work and building a modern agriculture to research the developmentstatus of its professional agricultural machinery cooperatives, current problems and relativelycountermeasure.Compared with other economic organizations, professional agricultural machinerycooperative has its own particularity as a new form of development in the field of agriculturalmachinery. Suihua has begun to format professional agricultural machinery cooperative in2003,in the form of the national investment in large-scale agricultural machinery, provincial andmunicipal governments provide guidance, the county financial gives subsidies, the villagecollective and large agricultural machinery investment, farmers fund raising. Professionalagricultural cooperatives development has begun to take shape, and the economic and socialbenefits have initially appeared now. The establishment and operations of professional agriculturalcooperatives to improve agricultural machinery use efficiency and economic benefits, andpromote the transfer of rural labor and land transformation, the optimal allocation of resources,accelerate the promotion and application of new agricultural technologies and new machinery, andenhance the overall agricultural production capacity, improve agriculture management system,promote agricultural efficiency and rural incomes. However, there have been a variety of problemsin the development process. According to large amount of investigation visits, these articles has acareful analysis on researching constraints to the development of agricultural cooperatives andfactors, and founds the underlying causes of these problems and propose appropriate solutions and development problems countermeasures.Policy recommendations based on the analysis results of this study are as followed: The firstis to strengthen the training of employees in the professional agricultural cooperatives, andimprove their overall quality. The second is to further strengthen the government regulatoryfunctions, improve the mechanism of the distribution of benefits, and strengthen the level ofagricultural primary management. The third is to strengthen the land transfer, according to law topromote large-scale land operation. Fourth boot diversified funding mainly farmers, private,public management, and public benefit and truly run professional agricultural cooperatives. |
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