A Research Of Fiscal Implementation Mechanism For Compensation Of Marine Ecosystem

The18th National People’s Congress stressed the importance of the marineeconomy, at the same time pointed out that in order to achieve the sustainable andhealthy development of the marine economy and ecology, the compensation of marineecosystem must be implemented while developing marine economy. Marineecological compensation is a system that adjusts the environmental interests andeconomic interests of the relevant stakeholders to correct the external costs ofecological damage, in order to maintain and improve the function of marineecosystem services. Integrity, liquidity and other natural features of the ocean decidesmarine ecological resources have characteristics of public goods. The benefits of themarine ecological environment protection has been shared and and the loss of marineecological damage has been shared, too. It is difficult to carry out a comprehensiveand reasonable marine ecological compensation relying solely on the market themechanism. Fiscal policy tools are important means to solve the "free rider"phenomenon, especially in the current marine ecological compensation in China, andcharges by the beneficiaries, the destroyer of a fine, the protector subsidies to perfectthe whole marine ecological compensation mechanism. How to establish fiscalimplementation mechanism for marine ecological compensation becomes animportant topic before us.The practical significance of the establishment of fiscal implementationmechanism for marine ecological compensation is to provide effective referencemodel for marine ecological compensation in which area of market mechanism isfailed. To sort out the relevant domestic and international marine ecologicalcompensation and ecological compensation fiscal policy literature, the paper definedmarine ecological compensation and financial connotation of the implementation mechanism; in the initial stage of the implementation of the marine ecologicalcompensation, government needs to play the dominant position, taking use of fiscalpolicy and the means to resolve marine ecological compensation issues. Usingmapping analysis to show how financial subsidies and charge ecologicalcompensation taxes correct externalities, explains the internal mechanism of theimplementation mechanism of marine ecological compensation fiscal principles ofeconomics.Marine ecological compensation financial mechanism theoretically can bedivided into three parts: the funding mechanism, capital budgeting mechanisms, fundsallocation mechanism. Sort out the evolution of ecological compensation policies inaccordance with the contents of the three mechanisms, and summarized marineecological compensation fund raising, budget and allocation practice. In order toevaluate if the marine eco-compensation financial mechanism is effective and whatfactors affect the marine ecological compensation fiscal effect, it based on fuzzydecision-making method, the results showed that basing on the principle of maximummembership, that the financial implementation mechanism of the marine ecologicalcompensation is effective; the most important factor is financing adequacy, followedby the balance of the capital budget, the last reasonable allocation of funds.In China financial implementation mechanism for marine ecologicalcompensation, there are some problems, such as: lack of marine ecologicalcompensation income, lack of inter-regional transfer payment system, low financialinvestment efficiency and so on. There is more mature ecological compensationsystem in many other resource areas in Western countries. The paper summarizes theinternational experience of the the financial implementation mechanism of the marineecological compensation.The paper put forward suggestions for marine ecological compensation in thefinancial implementation mechanism: it is necessary to standardize the existingmarine ecological compensation fees fund-raising mechanism, but also broaden the financing channels, raising reasonable taxes to promote long-term development of themarine ecological compensation settings and fees; perfect horizontal and verticaltransfer payment system; funds allocation mechanism should do earmarking priorityand key projects improve the efficiency of utilization of funds. So as to promote theimplementation of the marine ecological compensation, to promote the healthy andsustainable development of the marine economy.