Preliminary Study On Structure And Characteristics Of Oyster Industry In Rongcheng Shandong Province

"Study on structure and characteristics of oyster industry in China" is one of the important research tasks during the12th five-year period of the national shellfish industry technology system. This study is a piece of initial exploration work for completing this important task, which aims to, a. clarify the origin and evolution process of oyster industry in Rongcheng. b. explore current situation of oyster industry in Rongcheng, including initial research and system analysis of structure, characteristics and the mutual correlation of each link in industrial chain to objectively reflect the overall trend of oyster industry development, and simple cost-benefit analysis of each node enterprises to judge the value-added ability and contribution on oyster industry of each link. c. summarize structure and characteristics of oyster industry, issues existing in industry development, and deficiencies of the study, which is followed by related suggestion on industry development and follow-up theoretical research.To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this study adopt different research methods, which contain, a. literature research method, which aims to explore oyster industry as a whole by means of collecting and collating government report, network public data, various statistical yearbook and literature related to oyster industry; b. combination of typical investigation and major investigation, which aims to obtain first-hand information for this research from key enterprises or typical cases through structured interviews, semi-structured interviews(e.g., experts interview, telephone interview), half-open questionnaires, and so on; c. economics statistics analysis and comparison analysis method, which are used in data processing in order to illustrate oyster industry evolution process and current industry characteristics.The basic conclusions of this paper are as follows, a. when it comes to all aspects of industry, the development of growing seedlings industry severely lags that of aquaculture industry. The oyster fingerlings needed are almost entirely purchased, which leads to influences on the local growing seedlings industry, though it may solve the problem of scarcity of aquatic fingerlings in a short time. Aquaculture industry develops steadily and has following outstanding features. Firstly, it is restricted by the natural environment which is force majeure. Secondly, the scatter cultivation pattern is with large quantity and small scale. Thirdly, technologies are undeveloped and there exist large regional differences among technologies. The types of products become diverse with the development of processing industries. However, owing to the lack of developed processing technologies, the overall production capacity is low, which leads to the shortage of high value-added products. In addition, the safety doesn’t draw more attentions. b. As to the whole industry chain, at present, the oyster industry chain, including growing seedlings, breeding, processing and marketing, has formed. The growing seedlings industry is the foundation of the whole oyster industry. While aquaculture industry is the impetus to motivate to development of growing seedlings and processing industry. Besides, processing industry is the most important part of the whole industry chain, the level of which may have decisive impact on the whole oyster industry. And the marketing industry is the stimulation to sustain the healthy development the oyster industry. But what can not be ignored is that the relationship between enterprises is market-trading relationship. In other words, even if enterprises have relatively stable business objects, there are not any written or oral contracts between them. The relationship is completely controlled by market supply and demand, which determines that the stability of this kind of market relationship is much worse than that of the connection method of vertical integration. This is a big obstacle in the improvement process of industry chain. c. In terms of industry regulation and autonomy, though the government has made great efforts to develop the oyster industry, there still exist some faults, reflecting the insufficient recognition of the importance of this industry, the shortages of normal related standard specification and the lack of supervision due to less pertinence regulation. The oyster aquaculture professional cooperative plays vital roles in improving the economic benefits of farmers and the ability to resist the natural and market risks, which also help to regulate the market order, and so on. Of course, the oyster aquaculture professional cooperative still need to be further standardized in the future.This paper has two innovative explorations, a. Break through the existing theory limitation. Study on structure and characteristics of oyster industry is a part of study on structure and characteristics of shellfish industry. This study is not based on an existing theory, but be a "pathfinder" servicing for establishing a broadly applicable framework of study on structure and characteristics of shellfish industry. b. Try a new research perspective. Former study about oyster mostly focused on the technical aspects, and the study of industry structure is more about inter-industry structure, including the proportion of different industries and industry structure optimization. This paper makes descriptive study on single oyster industry from the overall perspective, designing to elaborate characteristics of oyster industry in Rongcheng in a comprehensive, objective way, and providing a foundation for follow-up exploration of the internal operating rules and formation mechanism of oyster industry.