The Evolution And Transformation Research Of China’s Agricultural Subsidy Policy:Basis、Trouble And Choose

In today’s world, agriculture is in a time of change. The development of modern agriculture has transcended the economic, social and cultural structure of traditional agriculture in a country, and the productive,managemental and entrepreneurial abilities of traditional peasants have faced new opportunities and challenges. Success or failure of a country’s agricultural development is no longer decided by the traditional factors of production,such as land areas and labor forces, but is more constrainted by factors such as agricultural technology, agricultural management system.This paper comprehensively combines the methods of empirical analysis, historical analysis and normative analysis. Apart from the introduction, this research mainly consists of the following five parts:The first part mainly starts from the development course of agricultural subsidies,explains the structural features of Chinese agricultural subsidy policy and expresses the current problems of agricultural subsidy policy briefly.The second part principally induces and summarizes the theoretical basis and realistic basis of China’s agricultural subsidy policies. In author’s opinion, through analysis of the reasons of agricultural subsidy, there are existing five representative points of view, including "the theory of agricultural surplus being squeezed for a long time","productive factors rising theory"," public products attribute theory","agricultural trade protection theory" and "farmer politics theory".The third part chiefly analyzes the three fundamental dilemmas which Chinese agricultural subsidies are facing. Solving the developmental problems of China’s agriculture and fomulating any policy to deal with them needs us to confront these difficulties.They are mainly embodied as follows:unsustainable problem raised by the input driver agricultual growth relies on; residual outflow problem caused by the acceleration of agricultural commercialization; the enlargement problem of economic risk brought about by land pressure.The fourth part elaborates the reason of agricultural subsidy’failure by Amartya Sen’s theory of capable ability. The author summarizes two enlightenments which the feasible capability theory tells us on China’s agricultural subsidy problem, just as follows:firstly, increase the social supports in the cours of peasants’development in order to solve the problem of what farmers can do; Secondly, maintain the rights and interests in the course of peasants’development so as to solve the problem of how farmers can live". In addition, with the help of feasible ability theory,the article explains why and how China’s agricultural development falls into dilemma under the background of dual structure between urban and rural areas.The last part mainly focuses on putting forward proposed solutions to problems in the implementation of the agricultural subsidy policy on the basis of the fourth part.In this paper,there are there innovations:The first innovation is that it summarizes and analyzes the theory and reality basis of Chinese agriculture subsidy from all aspects.The second one is that through the history it carries on analysis of the three fundamental problems facing China’s agriculture policy with empirical analysis.The last one is to have a deep understanding of why China’s agriculture policies face failure,point out the need of a top-level design in the development of agriculture, which can contribute to the transformation of Chinese traditional agriculture better.