The Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Areas Of Different Types Of Influencing Factors

The problem of Urban-Rural income gap is one of the key and difficult problems of income distribution,which restricts the balance of urban and rural development,which is the arch-criminal of domestic consumptive inadequacy.Consequently.resolve the problem of Urban-Rural Income Gap is full of importance.Scholars have studied more about the causes and countermeasures of Urban-Rural Income Gap,but most are on the basis of the country or a province,which ignore the different development level among different province of China,the main causes of each province is different,so different countermeasures should be put forward.Based on the ’Inverted U Theory’ and the ralated research,this paper will classfied the Urban-Rural Income Gap of31Chinese mainland provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Governmemt,on the basis of the classification,the author will find the main causes and put forwatd trageted countermessures of different Urban-Rural Income Gap.This paper will choose four typical provinces or municipalities directly under the Central Governmemt as the research object.Firstly,from the angle of income sources,analyze the present situation of different Urban-Rural Income Gap comparatively.analysis results show that wage income gap,operating income gap,transfer income gap,property income gap between urban and rural all influence the total income gap between urban and rural,but the degree of influence is different.Secondly,the empirical analysis use the method of multiple regression and stepwise regression,which consists of two parts:the first part analyzes the causes of Urban-Rural Income Gap from the angle of income sources;the second part researches the influencing factors of different types of Urban-Rural Income Gap.The research results show:the region with low level of economic development has a low Urban-Rural Income Gap mainly due to its agricultural development advantage which be richly endowed by nature,causing all kinds of rural income relatively high;the region with low level of economic development has a high Urban-Rural Income Gap mainly owing to the backward agricultural development.resulting rural residents’ operating income is less.Besides.its city’s development is at the lowest level of the country.resulting other sources of rural residents’ income is limited:the region with high level of economic development has a high Urban-Rural Income Gap mainly because of the rural residents" income growth rate much lower than that of urban residents; the region with high level of economic development has a low Urban-Rural Income Gap mainly in that taking seriously consideration of rural development when expanding city’s ecnomic development.Based on the research,putting forward targeted countermeasures of various types of Urban-Rural Income Gap.Regions with high Urban-Rural Income Gap and low level of economic development(GuiZhou for example) should promote the process of urbanazation and industrialization;the national fiscal policy highly inclineto rural;cooperate with the transferred enterprises to educate and train rural residents;support leading enterprises to realise agricultural industrialiazetion;improve rural infrastructure construction,popularize the agricultural technology and knowledge. Regions with low Urban-Rural Income Gap and low level of economic development(HeiLongjiang for example) should optimize agricultural development,strengthen the popularity of agricultural products;scale up agricultural production,transfer surplus labor in advance;protect the price of agricultural products,stable rural residents’ income;speed up the development of cities and towns,improve the income of urban residents; Regions with high Urban-Rural Income Gap and high level of economic development(Guangdong for example) should intensify the efforts to fight poverty,eliminate the’Matthew Effect’;get rid of city and countryside dual structure,furtherance equal opportunity;spread the syetem of million mu fertilefarmland,accelerate the process of urbanazation;expand rural community bank,perfect the enviroment of rural credit. Regions with low Urban-Rural Income Gap and high level of economic development(Shanghai for example)should optimize ’Agricultural super docking’,boost rural residents’ operating income;broaden the channels of employment,improve wage income of rural residents;optimize all kinds of policies,improve tansfer income;carry out a series of measures to increase property income.