A Study On The Problem In The Development Of The Basic Medical Insurance For Urban And Rural Residents

In modern society, health has been considered as a right of the citizen. Health is very important, and the improvement of the health care system is the prerequisite of healthy. Currently, health care is one of the key livelihood issues in our country. In order to protect people’s right to obtain health care, our country has been trying to reform the health care system.In2003, the new type of rural cooperative medical insurance pilot commenced, and in2007, urban resident’s basic medical pilot started. The basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents, including the new type of rural cooperative medical insurance and urban resident’s basic medical insurance, is an important pillar in the basic medical insurance and its success will directly affect people’s health, and the country’s economic development and social stability. The basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents using community health insurance (community-based health insurance) mode, which uses the same community rate, and residents can decide whether to participate in this insurance. Also, the government gives the insured a certain amount of subsidy.For now, urban and rural resident’s medical insurance in our country has made some achievements, but the system is not perfect, and it will meet many problems in the process of development. Many experts and scholars make researches on the problem which urban and rural resident’s basic medical insurance will face with in the process of development. And these researches mainly focused on cohesion and integration between systems, adverse selection, model comparison, security level, etc. The author thinks that participating mode and financing mode are very important to the system, so the author hopes to study the problem which the urban and rural resident’s basic medical insurance will face in its development from the perspective of participating pattern and financing way. Urban and rural resident’s basic medical insurance adopt voluntary participating pattern. In the aspect of financing, the insured pay premium and the government give some subsidies. But both voluntary participating pattern and premium subsidy are not match with the system and influence the sustained and healthy development of the system. Study on the voluntary participating and premium subsidy in basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents has a certain theoretical and practical meaning.China’s urban and rural resident’s basic insurance relates to most of the people’s health care problem, and its success directly affects people’s health, the country’s economic development and social stability. This article will start from community health insurance model, to analyze the system. Combined with the actual situation in our country, and based on participating pattern and financing way, the author wants to study on voluntary participating and the premium subsidy. At the same time, this article has selected the representative Chongqing and Chengdu to trace the situation of the system, and to sum up some experience. Through the above analysis and research, this article gives some advices for the long-term development of the system from the perspective of participating pattern and financing way. Also, it highlights the government’s important role in the system.The following are ideas and logical framework of this study:Chapter one is the preamble. In this part, the author describes the background and significance of the research, also introduces the object and methods, including literature analysis, international experience and empirical tracking and analysis. And in the end of this part, the author summarizes some researches about the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents.Chapter two claims the problems faced by China’s urban and rural resident’s basic medical insurance in its development. In this chapter, the author introduces the condition of China’s urban and rural resident’s basic medical insurance, then study on the problems faced by the insurance. From the perspective of participating pattern and financing way, the author analyzes the voluntary participating and premium subsidy in the urban and rural resident’s basic medical insurance.Chapter three is about the introduction of community health insurance and the international experience for reference. This chapter describes the concept and characteristics of community health insurance. And it emphasizes the community financing, voluntary participating, community rate and the willingness of participating. Then this chapter describes Indonesia’s rural health funds, health card system in Thailand, mutual health insurance schemes in Senegal and community health insurance plans in India. The author summarizes some experience from these systems in the following four aspects:participating pattern, the funding level, government’s role and medical services.Chapter four analyzes the basic medical insurance of urban and rural residents in Chongqing. The author introduces the current situation of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in Chongqing form the aspect of the development process of the system, financing criteria and security level and health management. And then summarizes the experience in this region and also gives some advices.Chapter five introduces basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in Chengdu. First, the author describes the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in Chengdu from the following three aspects:the development process of the system, financing criteria and security level, health management. Then the author summarizes the experience in Chengdu. And in this part, author emphasizes the difference between Chengdu and Chongqing.Chapter six gives some advices of the development of the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in our country. The author gives some advices to the development of the system from the perspective of participating pattern and financing way. The author thinks that, at present, our country should keep the voluntary participating pattern and consider introducing enforcement mechanisms at the right time. And under the current voluntary participating pattern, the wiliness to participating should be maintained at a high level. On financing, premium should be moderate, and broaden the financing channels at the same time. Finally, the author also emphasizes the role of the government.