A Study On Iran In Oil Import Source Security System Of China

With the rapid development of economy of our country, Petroleum has become the strategic material and special commodity which has a significant influence on the development of national economy. And energy security has become one of the most important components of national economic security. China is in a time of processing industrialization, and speeding up the economic development. So, oil is in a great demand, while domestic oil production is in the critical state, and it is unable to meet the demand of supply. in order to ensure the sustained and healthy development of the economy in our country, the number of oil import of China has increased and the degree of external dependence becomes higher The number of China’s oil import keep rising year by year since it became a net importer of oil in1993.by2002, China’s oil consumption is more than Japan’s, which makes it become the second largest energy consumer of oil. The degree of oil’s external dependence of our country was far more than50%since2008, and it lasted for6years to2013. In the oil supply system of our country, oil imports in the oil market occupies a very important position, so it is very important to ensure energy security and make a stable and safe access to oil import, because it has important practical significance to our country’s economic and social developmentThe Middle East has been the main source of China’s oil import for a long time. The oil import from The Middle East keep about50%of the total imports in China, and it can reach as high as60%in some years. In recent years, the number of China’s oil import from other countries has increased, but there is no doubt that the Middle East is still the main source of oil import. Among China’s oil import from the top10countries, six countries are in the Middle East. And China’s oil import from the six countries account for more than45%of China’s total oil import. Iran has rich oil resources, and it is second-biggest oil producer and exporter in the Middle East and OPEC, which is currently one of the main sources of China’s oil import. In recent years, China’s oil import from Iran accounts for about11%of China’s total oil import. Iran occupies an important position in China’s energy security system. Therefore, to study the Iran in China’s oil import security system of is necessary.This paper analyzes and the evaluates Iran’s features in oil import security system of our country from two points of view. One is to view the main source of oil import in China as the research object. And we select certain indicators to establish the evaluation index system from a resource, political, economic, military and transportation basing on PSR framework perspective. We use this system to carry on quantitative evaluation of China’s main25oil sources countries. We use the horizontal comparison to analyze the characteristics of the China’s oil imports. We find some characteristics:the degree of overall level of China’s oil import security is low, and the difference of spatial distribution of main oil import is significant; most of China’s oil import are from developing countries; the number of oil import and the transportation routes are excessively concentrated; There is some risk in transport; Iran plays a significant role in the oil industry and in the China’s oil security system etc. The other is to use the same method, viewing different periods of Iran as the research objective to analyze and evaluate the safety of the oil import from Iran. We find that economic factor has the greatest influence on safety of China’s oil import from Iran; the rise of safety level has tortuosity on the whole; transportation factors has little influence on safety level. So, we predict the safety of China’s oil import from Iran in the future will rise with tortuosity, but we do not rule out some accidental factors may results in the decrease of degree of safety. Finally we put forward the measures to improve the security of China’s oil import from Iran, such as pipelining the mode of transportation, actively developing economic and trade relations with Iran, improving the security of maritime transport, developing and maintaining good relevant multilateral relations, and assisting the Iranian in oil exploration and development.