| Chinese Nu is an age-old nationality of Yunnan. There are about 28759 people in China (2000 fifth census data) , Which is one of very few population of minorities in our country.In view of the lack of research into and report of physical anthropology and population genetics of Nu,To fill the gap, we led an investigation of Nu adults in September 2006.We conducted an investigation on items of anthropometry of 317 adults (183 males and134 females) of Nu and on 25 population genetic items of 170(95 males and 75 females) high school students.The results are as follows:(1) The mongoloid fold has low frequency of occurence, while the eye fold of the upper eyelid has high frequency of occurence. The nasal root height, the alae nasi height and upper lip height are mostly medium type, while the lobe is generally of triangle type. Hair color,eye color and skin color are blacker. The average stature is 160.9cm for males and 150.9cm for females. Types of physical characteristics of Nu are mesocephaly, hypsicephaly type, acrocephalic type, mesorrhiny, mesdeg, medium chest circumference and medium distance between iliac crests.The types of mesoprosopy,long length of trunk and broad-breadth shoulder have the highest frequency of occurrence for males, While types of euruprosopy,medium length of trunk and medium chest circumference have the highest frequency of occurrence for females. (2) The comparison was made among physical characteristics of Nu and 34 other nationalities in China. The results of cluster analysis show that Nu is closer to Achang’s, Mulam’s, Hui’s(Hainan), Li’s and Zang’s(Gansu).The results of principal component analysis show that the Nu share physical characteristics with South Asia branch of Mongolia nationality.(3) The head and face indices change little with age. The curve of weight of different age groups shows a reversed "V" shape. the lengthes of body, including stature,Height of shoulder,height of tragion superior iliac spine,sitting height, length of upper and length of lower limb and those of breadthes of body ,incluing breadth of shoulder,distance between iliac crests change lesserly.(4) From all variational curves of physical circumference, maximum of every physical circumference in Nu converges on middle age. Mean value of horizontal head circumference in all the 4 groups don’t change vary much. Males’ indexes are larger, except on abdominal circumference,hip circumference and girth of thigh.(5) As a whole, each skinfold of females is thicker than that of males of the same-age-Nu adults. The u test result shows that there are very siginificant sexual differences in six indices.(6) The mean somatotypes were Balanced Mesomorph category for males and Endomorph-Mesomorph category for females. There are very siginificant sexual differences.(7) The high school students of Nu had lower rate of mongoloid fold,and as to upper eyelid eyefold.They also had middle rate of umbonate nasal profile, higher rate of wide nostril, a little higher rate of protruding chin, slight lower rates of ear lobe, lower rate of pointed hair point on forehead and middle rate of curly hair form.(8)The high-frequency (>50%) traits were straight-pollical type, relative length of annularis over index, long-nail and square-nail form,1>2 of plantar digital formula.(9)The frequency of the right type on 7 traits except stride type in Nu is much higher than that of left type. The correlations are found among 5 groups of the traits, that is, hand clasping and handedness, arm folding and leg folding, arm folding and foot preference, arm folding and eye preference, eye preference and stride type; The preference of R-R type is much higher than that of the L-L type.(10) Some correlations occured between tongue rolling gene and pointed tongue gene, also between tongue twisting gene and pointed tongue and between tongue folding gene and clover-leaf tongue gene respectively. |
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