Study On Ecosystem Health Assessment Of Typical Ecological Vulnerable Area

Ecosystem health is one of the goals of regional sustainable development, as anew method for analysis of ecosystem state; ecosystem health assessment has becomea hot research field of ecology. Mining area is the unique typical economiccommunity which is based on the development and utilization of mineral resources,driving and supporting the economic and social development. Because of thecharacteristics of mining, Mining area is often more serious area of ecologicaldestruction and environmental pollution，it is also facing a significant risk in thesustainable socio-economic development，which forms typical ecological fragile area.Ecosystem health assessment as a new method of analyzing the ecosystem hasgradually become a new target of ecosystem management, which receives extensiveattention from the academia. According to the theories and methods of ecosystemhealth assessment to monitor and evaluate the ecological environment of the miningarea and with ecosystem health standards to guide ecological restoration andreconstruction of mining wasteland, there is hope to achieve coordinated and healthydevelopment of development of mineral resources and the ecological environment.Based on the ecosystem health and related theory, according to thecharacteristics of the complex ecological systems of mining area, the indicatorssystem for ecosystem health assessment of mining area is established. Integrated withGIS, the quantitative analysis and drawings expression of the ecosystem health statusof Lanping, Yunnan province in2005~2009is given. The main research results are asfollows:(1) On the basis of the ecosystem health index HI=V*O*R (vigor,organization structure, resilience), select representative indicators from vigor,organization structure, resilience, ecosystem service to establish ecosystem healthindicator system. The evaluation methods are mainly the combination of analytic hierarchy process and GIS, which realizes the ecosystem health evaluation of Lanpingmining area in time and space.(2) Single index evaluation results show that: during the period of2005~2009,four single indexes, namely vigor, organization structure, resilience andecosystem service function show different variation trend: vigor rises from0.1013in2005to the highest value0.2276in2007,the ascensional range is125%,then in theyear of2008and2009, it shows different degrees of decline; resilience and ecosystemservices show an upward trend year by year, which rise respectively from0.0959and0.125in2005to0.2753and0.203in2009, the ascensional range are187%and78.4%;organization structure shows a declining trend., which descends from0.2353in2005to0.2126in2009,the decreasing amplitude is9.65%.(3) The comprehensive evaluation results show that: the ecosystem Healthdegree (HI) of LanPing mining area in2005is0.5583, which is in an unhealthy state:its vigor is week, organization structure is uncoordinated, and resilience andecosystem service function is poor. The degree (HI) is to0.8819in2009, which is insub-health state: its vigor, organization structure, resilience and ecosystem servicefunction are ordinary.(4) In spatial distribution, the most regions f LanPing mining area are insub-health state, the differences of distribution characteristics are obvious betweenthe south and the north region: the northern shows irregularly scattered structure, thesouth presents banded structure.The paper also analyzes that impact factors of ecosystem health in mining areaincluding natural factors and human factors, among which human factors have a greateffects on it; the main innovation of this paper is the first attempt to introduce GIS toevaluation of ecosystem health in mining area. Research shows that: the GIS in theevaluation of ecosystem health in mining area is feasible, the significant advantage isthat it can fully analyze and express space distribution characteristics of ecosystemhealth in mining area, and intuitive, clear; to ensure the healthy development ofLanping mining area, it is necessary to carry out ecological restoration and reconstruction of the mining waste lands, at the same time, the ecological restorationand reconstruction of the mining waste lands also need ecosystem health developmentstrategy as a guide, with the restoration ecology and various technical means to takeeffective and feasible measures for the specific situation of the abandoned miningarea.