| Since the winter of 2012, haze pollution was becoming more and more serious in our country. Air quality became worse and worse. Air quality is closely related to everyone’s daily life. Nobody is willing to breathe in the air which is cloudy and full of all kinds of bacteria. Whether civilians, media, or government agencies, haze pollution have become their common attention subject. Although there is death case caused by haze pollution in our country, but with the haze pollution continues to worsen, the incidence of respiratory disease have rise significantly. Meanwhile haze pollution also reduces the air visibility, seriously disrupts the transport, and increases the probability of traffic accident. Many flights can’t landing Beijing’s airport due to haze, which wakes-up us again to governances haze. For these, we have to rise the following questions: what factors produced haze? How does the haze spread? How does the haze pollution distribute in the time and space in C hina?Haze pollution research starts in the 1990’s in China. Formal and large-scale monitoring research starts 2013. From the research achievements of domestic and foreign about haze pollution, we can find that, besides weather factors the haze pollution also has great relationship to regional industrial emissions, automobile exhaust, straw burning. From the monitoring data of cities across the country, we can find that haze pollution is worse in east and north. The west and south are better. Haze pollution also shows the characteristics of regional distribution, and presents a clustering on the space. The study of haze pollution transmission process is of great significance. From the time perspective, the haze pollution is not a sudden events in the present, but a historic problem in our country. Doing research about the influence that pollutant emissions has on haze pollution has positive significance.From spatial dimension, this paper analyses the spatial clustering of haze pollution in China and its causes, and finds the haze pollution spread characteristic. From the time dimension, this paper takes Shanghai as an example to analyze the influence of pollutant emissions and urban expansion on haze pollution in short and long term. Firstly, this paper uses princ ipal component regression analysis method to analyze the influence factors of haze pollution in our country. The results shows that the crop straw burning, vehicle emissions, human daily life and the consumption of coal and coke are the main causes of haze pollution. Secondly, set the several factors above as control variable and establish spatial autoregressive model and spatial error model respectively. Through the comparison of two models, we find that other factors outside models drive the spread of haze to the surrounding city and the spread causes the haze pollution spatial correlation. So haze pollution governance relies on collaboration between cities. The only path is co-governance. Then with increasing distance threshold value we establish a series of spatial weight matrix. Through the regression of spatial error model we can find how the haze pollution spatial correlation changes with the distance increases. The result shows that the spread of haze pollution weaken with the increase of the geographic distance. Maximum transmission distance is 500 KM. So if the distance of two cities is within 500 KM, they should cooperate to control haze pollution. Finally, from the perspective of the time, this paper takes Shanghai as an example to analyze the influence of pollutant emissions and urban expansion on haze pollution in short and long term. The results shows that both in the long and short term pollutant emissions has significant influence on haze pollution, and urban expansion in the long term has significant influence on haze pollution, but no significant effect in the short term. In the end, this paper gives the haze pollution control three policy suggestions. |
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