The Studies On Preparation Of Supported Organic Base Heterogeneous Catalysts And Their Performance To In The Transesterification Of Fats And Oils

Three types of supported organic base heterogeneous catalysts SBA-15-pr-ILOH, SBA-15-pr-guanidine, SBA-15-pr-biguadine, were prepared by using mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15 as a carrier. The ionic liquid, guanidine, biguadine were bonded on the SBA-15 through different chemical reactions, respectively.Three prepared solid base catalyst were characterized by TG-DTA,FT-IR,CHN elemental analysis XRD,SEM,TEM and N2 adsorption- desorption techniques. The characterized reasults comfirmed that the catalytic active components were successfully immobilized on mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15. Besides, the immobilization of the active components had no effects on the mesoporous structure of SBA-15, and its appearance and shape remained unchanged.The three types of catalysts were used to catalyze different transesterifications, and the reaction conditons including reaction time, reaction temperature, catalyst amount and substract molar ratio were studied to value how they affected the conversion of different substracts. The results were obtained as follows:1. The SBA-15-pr-ILOH was applied to the transesterification reaction system of soybean oil and methnol to produce biodesel. The results indicated that the soybean oil conversion of 95.2 % was achieved at 65℃ when a methanol /oil molar ratio of 20:1, a catalyst loading of 7wt% and a reaction time of 8h were employed for the transesterification reaction. The studies on the reuse of the catalyst indicated that its activity was still high after the catalyst was used five times.2. The catalyst, SBA-15-pr-guanidine, was employed to the reactions of soybean oil and methyl octanoate or soybean oil and methyl decanoate. efforts of several factors was investigated.The optimal time,reaction temperature,catalyst amount and the molar ratio of soybean oil to methyls were 5 hour,90℃,10% and 4:1,respectively. Under this condition, the exchange rates of mythyl octanoate and mythyl decanoate were 27.6% and 26.4%, respectively.3. The SBA-15-pr-biguanide, as a catalyst, was used to catalyze the transesterification of soybeand oil and methyl decanoate or palm stearin, respectively. The highest methyl decanoate exchange rate of 30.5% was achived when a methyl decanoate/oil molar ratio of 4:1, a catalyst loading of 10%,and a reaction time of 4 hour were employed for the transesterification of soybean oil and methyl decanoate. The result showed that the catalyst after the interestesification was also active in the transesterification of palm stearin and soybean oil. The slop melting point and tricylaglgcerols compositions of the interestified products appeared to vary obviously.