Research On Oil Spill Ecological Value Damage And Compensation Based On The Assessment Of Ecological Capital

After the 20th century, oil progressively become one of the most important energy in production and life in the world, and become the pillar industry in some countries steadily.Ocean as a global oil major repository and main channels of oil transport, the frequency and size of the oil spill accident show a trend of increase.Once oil spill, not only seriously influence the sea aquaculture, tourism and residents’ living environment of the pollution area, and brings desperately harm to the local economy. Penglai 19-3 oil spill pollution the northwest oilfield and its surrounding waters about 6200 km2 of Bohai bay in 2011,870 km2 of seawater over the fourth kind of sea water quality standard. At the same time,1600 km2 of the oil field and its surrounding severely contaminated the bottom sediments.Eventually ConocoPhillips and CNOOC compensate 1.683 billion yuan, being used to compensate ecological environment in Bohai.Based on the Penglai 19-3 oil spill accident, using the rapid assessment model of the marine oil spill and Eesource Equivalent Analysis method to quantitative evaluation the value loss of the sea ecological service function in Bohai.And on basis of the result, put forward countermeasures and Suggestions to the existing oil of ecological compensation system in China.Therefore, this paper has important theoretical and realistic significance.First of all, the article comb the classification of Marine ecosystem service function, mainly divided into the supply services, cultural services, regulating services and support services.According to the classification standard, construct the Marine ecological damage evaluation technology roadmap. Through the damage to the material resources, the impact on recreation, the impact on the Marine environment capacity function and the impact on the Marine ecological function four aspects discuss the method to estimate the loss of Marine ecosystem service function value.Secondly, the second chapter summarize the damage situation of the International and China sea oil spill accidents.Daily operation of ports and vessel collision, oil tanker ran aground are the major causes of oil spill.The third chapter expound the connotation of oil spill damage to Marine ecosystem, mainly including the influence on the Marine ecosystem services, the economic impact and t social influence.Oil spill affect the Marine supply services, regulating services, cultural services and support services.And oil spill bring seriously economic impact to the Marine fishing, aquaculture and tourism.Meanwhile oil spill will affect the surrounding residents living environment, health and reduce the credibility of the government.Chapter fourth establish rapid assessment model of the marine oil spill of the Penglai 19-3 oil spill quantitative evaluation the losses of ecological service function and environmental capacity of the bohai sea;Resource equivalent analysis method by measuring the oil spill damage to natural resources and the Marine ecosystem restoration to the original intact state, with virtual artificial wetland as a restoration project to assess ecological damage to the Marine environment.Chapter fifth combine with the sixth chapter quantitative evaluation results, put forward defining compensation subject, scope and standards, broadening the channels ecological compensation for the financing, strengthen the supervision of public opinion and public participation, and improve the Marine ecological environment protection law.Chapter sixth summarize the full text.