The Flood Study During The Period Of The Republic Of China In Changde Area

The ancient city of Changsha,became the administrative center of Hunan after Qin Shihuang unified China.Changsha is located in the lower reaches of Xiangjiang Valley,south to Lingqu canal, attaching to Mount Heng and Mount Yuelu,to cater to the needs of Dongting lake.This paper studies the Changsha area during the period of the Republic of China,which is the main downtown of Changsha area today, Wangcheng County, Changsha County, Ningxiang county and Liuyang county. The period of the Republic of China was affected by natural factors such as terrain, climate, and at that time the society turbulent, so during the period of the Republic, there were frequent natural disasters in Changsha. Disaster were flood,drought primarily, accompanied by insects, windstorm, hail and other disasters,which had brought great harm to people’s life. With the continuous progress of human civilization, the development of science and technology, human’s ability in preventing and resiting natural disasters also been improved, but the famine did not quit the stage of history. Therefore, the research of natural disasters in this area is quite necessary.Based on the collection of the period of the Republic of China historied natural disaster materials,a detailed description of the disaster happened, and this paper also explores the causes of disasters, disaster prevention and disaster relief measures and the influences of natural disasters etc.. During the period of the Republic,there were flood, drought, earthquake, typhoon, also hail, pests and other natural disasters in Changsha. Although these disasters were less frequent than flood and drought,they also brought adverse effects to the social and economy development of Changsha.During the period of the Republic of Changsha frequent natural disasters, mainly affected by two factors: one is the natural factors, including climate, topography and other factors; the two is the social factors, mainly focus on the political and economic aspects. In general, the disaster occurred except by natural factors, human factors are the result of more. The Republic of China period of political unrest, military years of poor farmers; disaster prevention; disaster ability is weak; water conservancy disrepair is the cause of disaster prone. In the face of famine, Hunan from all walks of life have made some efforts. As in disaster prevention and reduction, the government adopted Jiancang storage, irrigation, afforestation measures; take to remit taxes, emergency relief, work relief, medical care medicine etc. in relief to disaster relief measures. These initiatives to reduce the damage caused by the disaster to a certain extent, but because of the government’s financial constraints, official corruption, fill one’s own pocket, making the disaster prevention, disaster relief is difficult to play the effectiveness. In addition to the government’s disaster relief, the period of the Republic of China there are some charities, such as the Hunan was the most modern relief mechanism of sound-- Hua Yang will be raised relief, these charities have played an important role in disaster relief, but also promoted the modernization of Famine Policy in a certain extent. Although there are some disaster relief measures are effective, but caused extremely bad influence disasters inevitably to agriculture, industry and commerce, social order, etc..