Research On Electrostatic Spinning Device And Controlled Preparation Of Nanofibers

One-dimensional nanomaterials have attracted wide attention because of its special physical properties, and nanofiber is representative. There are many methods for fabricating nanofibers. Among them, the electrospinning technology has become a focus because of its simple apparatus, convenient operation. There are three aspects turning up when we fabricate nanofibers by traditional electrospinning technology. The nanofibers’ strength is not enough, easy to break. It’s not easy for mass production within a short time. It’s hard to fabricate nano-structure with high porosity. In order to solve the problem above, this paper mainly introduced how to increase the mechanical property of nanofibers, how to achieve mass production and the ways of preparing of nano-structure with three-dimensional(3 D)nano-structures. Meanwhile, we slao carried out some researches to show the electrical properties of electrospun composite nanofibers.The diameter of nanofiber fabricated by electrospinning technology ranges from tens to hundred of nanometers. And the property of nanofiber which is easy to break limits its scope of application. In order to solve this problem, we found two ways. The first way is to fabricate poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)/CNTs composite nanofibers ropes by mental cylinder device. And then conducting polyaniline(PANI) was coated on the surfaces of the nanoropes using an in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. A series of experiments were carried out to study the electrical properties, including effect of polymerization, flexiblilty and stretchablity. The results show that with the increase of polymerization time, the conductivity(σ) increased gradually at first and then to a constant value. We draw a conclusion the the better polymerization time is 6 h. As for the flexiblilty and stretchablity experiments, σ also presented the same law that increase at first then decrease. At the same time we invented a new electrospinning device which can fabricate nanoropes which include different materials by one step. We have fabricated long and continuous nanoropes. The nanofibers were characterized by optical microscope.We invented a new electrospinning device with high air pressure assisted. Compared with traditional electrospinning, this device can fabricated more nanofibers in weight over the same period. Meanwhile,we analyzed the diameter of annofibers fabricated by new device and traditional electrospinning device.We found that there is no difference between them. But the production of nanofibers increase ten to hundreds times. This paper also reviewed the ways of low-voltage electrospinning at home and abroad and put forward a concept about low-voltage electrospinning. And review the ways of 3 D nano-structures with high porosity to provide reference and experience for the later research.