| As a kind of Non-ionic surfactant with outstanding performance in wetting, emulsification, dispersion and solubilization, alkylphenolpolyoxyethylene ether (APEO) has been widely used in washing, textile dyeing and finishing, pesticides, oil production and other industries. After APEO is discharged into water, more than 90% of NPEO will undergo primary degradation in a few days, and then continues to AP and APEO1-3, which are easy to accumulate in water, soil, air and organism and have significant estrogenic effects. So many countries and regions has restricted APEO and done much work in its alternatives. However, APEO is still used in many industries including textile dyeing and finishing industry, especially in the stage of cotton pre-treatment, since no product can be comparable to it both in application performances and cost at present. Therefore, the research of Eco-fiiendly surfactants that can replace APEO in the stage of cotton fabric pretreatment is of great significance to the environmental protection and human health.In this study APEO alternatives were developed through the complex and modification of presently existing eco-friendly surfactants. Firstly, the physical-chemical properties(surface tension, cloud point et.al.) and application performance(moistening, emulsification et.al.) of selected surfactants---- fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether(AEO-9), isomer alcohol ether(XP-70), alkylpolyglucosides (APG) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)---ere tested and compared with nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether(TX-10). The differences in application performances between the four surfactants and TX-10 were determined. According to the synergistic effect of the combination of anionic and nonionic surfactant, three compound systems were used for pretreatment of cotton:APG—SDS, XP-70—SD and AEO-9—sDS. The optimized ratio of the two surfactants in each compound system was obtained.The three compound systems with the optimized ratio were used for cotton fabric pretreatment by the method of alkali-peroxide one bath. Through orthogonal experiment, the best prescription is obtained:NaOH 20g/L, H2O27g/L, APG—SDS 8g/L; NaOH20g/L, H2O27g/L, XP-70—SDS 8g/L; NaOH25g/L, H2O25g/L, AEO-9—SDS 8g/L. Their application performances were compared with that of TX-10. It was found that the capillary, whiteness and warp strength of the cotton fabric treated by the combination were comparable to that of TX-10. Among the three compound systems, APG—SDS has the best application performance.APG—SDS system was used in other methods for cotton fabric pretreatment: alkali-peroxide two baths, cold pad batch and steaming. The best prescription for alkali-peroxide two baths is:NaOH 15 g/L, H2O27 g/L, APG—SDS 4 g/L; the best prescription for cold pad batch is:NaOH40g/L, H2O214g/L, APG—SDS 16 g/L; the best prescription for pad-batch and steaming process is:NaOH 20 g/L, H2O2 lOg/L, APG—SDS 16 g/L.APG—SDS system is very effective in different methods for cotton fabric pretreatment. But APG has poor water solubility in room temperature. According to the report, the anionic modified product (alkyl indican sulfate salt) of APG has better water solubility in room temperature than APG In this experiment, alkyl indican sulfate salt (APGS) was prepared by the reaction of APG and concentrated sulfuric acid catalyzed by urea. APG and APGS were respectively applied in the cotton fabric pretreatment. The capillary effect of APGS treated cotton fabric was enhanced. The whiteness and the strength were of the same level. Further study should be conducted in the application of APGS and compound systems of APGFinally, preliminary cost accounting of the compound systems was conducted. Under the same treatment effect, the costs of compound system APG-SDS, AEO-9-SDS and XP-70-SDS are lower than that of TX-10. Therefore, from the perspective of laboratory test and cost accounting, the conclusion can be drawn that the compound systems developed in this study can replace APEO in cotton fabric pretreatment. |
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