Dynamic Analysis Of Land Ecological Quality Of Coal Mining Area In The Loess Plateau

The exploitation of coal resources brought about serious disturbance to the land ecosystem, the paper conducted the comprehensive evaluation and dynamic analysis of land ecological environment of the mining area, which is helpful to reveal the land ecosystem evolution rule and understand the change trend of the landscape pattern, thus providing scientific foundation for reasonable land utilization, recovering landscape ecological balance, coordinating economic development and protecting land ecological environment. The paper selected a watershed in the loess plateau as the research area, analyzed the spatial and temporal variation rules of ecological evolution of the coal mining area of the loess plateau systematically, constructed land ecological quality evaluation system and probed into the regional change of land ecological qualityand conducted the quantitative evaluation.The main research contents are as followed :(1) Research the suitable interpretation method of remote sensing images in the coal mining area of the loess plateau;(2) Conduct the dynamic analysis of land use evolution condition the coal mining area of the loess plateau;(3) Analyze the dynamic rules of landscape pattern evolution condition of the coal mining area in the loess plateau;(4)Explore establishing the suitable land ecological quality evaluation system of the coal mining area in the loess plateau and conduct the dynamic analysis of the land ecological quality of the study area.The main conclusions are as followed:(1) Put forward the appropriate land use classification system which can satisfy the ecological quality evaluation of the coal mining area in the loess plateau and remote sensing image interpretation method, and the interpretation accuracy meets the requirements;(2) The land use degree of the research area gradually increased and land use structure was relatively stable from 2005 to 2015, but still displayed a tendency towards disorder; The area of cultivated land declined continuously, built-up land increased rapidly, the changes of grassland, forest land and water were relatively small;(3)From 2005 to 2010, the fragmentation of landscape spatial pattern in the research area accelerated, landscape marginalization increased, and developed towards heterogeneity low connectivity, but the landscape pattern from 2010 to 2015 was relatively stable, in addition, the different landscape types in the study area showed different characteristics of landscape change;(4) The land ecological quality evaluation system was established from perspectives of land ecological system stability and interference degree, and the dynamic analysis of land ecological quality has been carried on. During the research period, the land ecological quality of the research area was on the decline, and the land ecosystem stability degree of the subsidence area declined sharply and land ecological quality significantly reduced, and the greater the subsidence degree of the area, the lower the land ecological quality. From 2005 to 2010, the ecological quality showed a trend of significant reduction, but the land ecological quality of most villages did not change dramatically from 2010 to 2015, the decline of land ecological quality has slowed down, but the situation of land ecological quality was still not optimistic.