Research On Water Absorption And Moisture Transfer Properties Of 3-D Woven Fabrics

In recent years, holistic and structured textile composites develop rapidly, and 3-D woven fabrics are used as textile composite reinforcement performs, which have potential applications in the aerospace, transportation, automotive, shipbuilding, sports and medical fields because of its outstanding integrity, the larger excellent impact resistance, fracture toughness, anti interlaminar shear strength. The researches on 3-D woven textiles mainly focus on the manufacturing method, microstructure geometry, and microscopic mechanical properties. However, the study on the water absorption and moisture transfer properties of 3-D woven textiles is still in the blank stage. Furthermore, the existing ordinary 2-D woven fabrics have obvious deficiencies on water absorption, water storage capacity, moisture transfer properties and the capacity for preventing the liquid reflux. Special structures of 3-D woven fabrics are conducive to constitute water absorption and moisture transfer composite functional layers, so that the final designed fabrics have good water absorption and moisture transfer properties.Based on the principle of differential capillary effect, the water absorption and moisture transfer model with three multifunctional layers has been established. The viscose filaments with water absorption function and fine denier polypropylene filament with moisture transfer function are used as raw materials. 3-D orthogonal structure, angle interlock structure and multilayer stitched structure, with the same layers, raw materials, warp and weft density, and mass ratio of raw materials, were designed and woven. The wetting time, absorption rate, maximum wetted radius, liquid diffusion rate, wicking height value, water absorption, water vapor perme ability, the rate of water evaporation of these three fabrics with different structures were tested. The results showed that the performance of orthogonal structure is the best.The optimized 3-D orthogonal structure and material mass ratio is invariant, the density of the fabrics was changed, and 6 kinds of 3-D woven orthogonal fabrics were designed and woven. The water absorption and moisture transfer properties of 6 kinds of 3-D orthogonal structures were tested and the effect of densities of the fabrics on water absorption and moisture transfer properties were analyzed. The best performance of the 3-D orthogonal woven fabric’s warp density is 35/10 cm per layer, weft density is 50/10 cm per layer.The structure and density of 3-D orthogonal structure is invariant, the material mass ratio is changed, and 3 kinds of 3-D woven orthogonal fabrics were designed and woven. The water absorption and moisture transfer properties of 3 kinds of 3-D orthogonal structures were tested and the effect of material mass ratio on water absorption and moisture transfer properties were analyzed. When the content ratio of the fine denier polypropylene filament yarn(666.6dtex/288f), viscose filaments(500dtex/288f), the fine denier polypropylene filament yarn(250dtex/216f) is 26.7: 60: 13.3, the water absorption property is better and the fabric is suitable for the conditions that require high water absorption quality. When the content ratio of the fine denier polypropylene filament yarn(666.6dtex/288f), viscose filaments(500dtex/288f), the fine denier polypropylene filament yarn(250dtex/216f) is 46.7: 40: 13.3, the moisture transfer property is better and the fabric is suitable for the conditions that require high moisture transfer quality. This study on 3-D woven fabrics provides reference in the field of the water absorption and moisture transfer property, and is of great value in practical application.