| Because of population pressure, economic growth and long-term land development, a large number of Chinese forests and wetlands is consumed, most of grassland and arable land degradation, and land use structure has undergone many changes, regional ecological security meet a serious threat. Land use / cover change(LUCC) is effected by human activity, not only changes natural landscape, but also affects the distribution of material circulation and energy,at the same time,it plays a decisive influence on regional ecological security. Grain for Green Project which rapid changes in land use structure, and improve the regional ecological security, It is the most widely used and the largest investment means in ecological construction. Mudanjiang area’s climatic characteristics is belong to the clod mountain type, which ecosystem has vulnerability and sensitivity characteristics. In recent years, with a wealth of resources, regional economic level has been considerable development. However, people in the pursuit of short-term benefits blind deforestation, resulting in a sharp reduction of forest resources; combined with complex terrain, rainfall concentrated, frozen and long, serious soil erosion area, the ecological environment continues to deteriorate.Based on this, Mudanjiang area as the study area, treat GIS and data statistical analysis technology as a platform for the quantitative analysis of the impact of land use structure which is effected by SLCP in Mudanjiang region.On this basis, constructing evaluation index system of regional ecological security, determine the value of the standard indicators, the establishment of ecological safety evaluation model.Analysis of Mudanjiang area during the ecological security of returning farmland to forest.The results show:(1)Analysis of land use change in Mudanjiang, returning farmland to forest makes a substantial increase in forest area(total increase 1520.2km2), and a significant reduction in grassland area(total reduction 878.5km2). Meanwhile, paddy fields, dry land, grassland and woodland transfer to each other more obvious, and woodland, paddy fields, upland grassland is the biggest change in the type of land.It is suggested that the contradictions in the study area between environmental protection and food production are obvious.The changes of Landscape index showed that due to the implementation of Grain for Green Project, disturbances in a short time is increased, increasing the degree of landscape fragmentation in the study area, the landscape stability index fell, but with the formation of regional ecological patterns, the associated index values return to normal view.Through the study of the type of layout of land use change analysis showed that : between 2000-2007, changes in the scope and range of cultivated land forest in the study area were highly correlated and mostly located in Mudanjiang central valley basin, the northern in both Muling County and Linkou County.2007--2013 years, the forest range in the study area are mainly distributed in the higher elevations of southern Muling County and Dongning County in north-central. Range of arable land changes are mainly distributed in the central Dongning County, Muling County in southern and other central valley basin sporadic areas. Consolidate the results of early, and continue to strengthen the preslope land outside.In order to ensure food security in the region, reclamation of unused land. Meanwhile, Mudanjiang in perimeter for some low coverage grassland and arable land was abandoned mining land reclamation.(2)The connotation of land ecological security into Driving- Pressure- State- Impact- Response(DPSIR) model, Construction of regional land ecological security evaluation index system, the use of mathematical models and GIS-related software on the index system of socio-economic statistics and natural resources for spatial data processing. This study uses entropy method to determine the index weight, to analyze Mudanjiang area before and after returning farmland to forest land ecological security situation in a comprehensive evaluation by means of Comprehensive Index Method. The evaluation results showed that: Since the implementation of Grain for Green Project,the proportion of extremely unsafe, insecure and critical safety area were substantial decreased. Safer area ratio remained stable, a substantial increase in security area ratio increased from 24.23% before the implementation of the project to 60.60%. From the point of view of spatial distribution, central valley basin study area and its surrounding area is very unsafe main gathering place. After returning farmland to forest, ecological security situation in the region has improved; southeastern Laoye Strip due to the increase of forest vegetation, land ecological security status enhanced. Finally, according to regional ecological security and development trend in study area situation, we put forward countermeasures and suggestions about ecological security of land use regulation and sustainable development. |
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