Historical Analysis On The Countermeasures Of Domestic Sewage Treatment In Rural Area

The promotion of living conditions in rural area greatly increased water consumption, resulting the increase of domestic sewage discharge, the majority of which is not properly treated. Thus, water pollution is becoming increasingly serious and threatens the health conditions of residents in rural area. The treatment of rural domestic sewage is urgently required.Anji county is taken, in this study, as an example to study the history of rural domestic sewage treatment, on the bases of understanding the general situation of natural environment and social conditions of Anji County Zhejiang Province. The water quality and effluent standard of rural domestic sewage discharge in Anji County were investigated and analysed. The result indicates that COD, NH3-N, total N and total P in rural domestic sewage were 0-600mg/L,0-80 mg/L,0-100 mg/L, and 0-19 mg/L, respectively, and the average removal rate of COD was greater than ammonia nitrogen which was greater than total nitrogen, but poor removal rate of total phosphorus was observed. It is also found that the number of treatment facilities in Anji are huge and the maintenance was poor because of the lack of regulations which is urgently needed.Analysis on the history and the efficiency of sewage treatment, and the development of used technologies, and the result of case studies on of rural domestic sewage treatment showed that Anji county, which is a county in the Yangtze River Delta region and diversity in terrain characteristics, proposed ten wastewater treatment technology models after more than ten years of practice,. The rural domestic sewage pollution has been effectively mitigated, and the rural sewage treatment maintenance and management system has been established. Considering the great difference in topography and geomorphology in our country in rural area, the rural domestic sewage treatment technologies should be carefully screened to meet the local requirement. Further more, maintenance and management of sewage treatment facilities could be equally important.Historical analysis of the rural domestic sewage treatment in Anji showed that the problems such as technology innovation, technology screening, construction skills, maintenance and management were encountered in the process of rapid development. Four countermeasures were proposed to solved the problems mentioned above:first, "integration of resources, innovative research and development" policy which explored new models of the rural domestic sewage treatment; second, "reasonable planning, local conditions" policy which encouraged the selection of rural domestic sewage treatment technology models; third, "standard construction, strict supervision" policy which emphasized the quality of the rural domestic sewage treatment ficilities; forth, "strengthen management, increase investment" policy which ensured the facilities can work in stable and efficient conditions.