Research On The Measuring Method Of Ocean Oil Spill Microwave Scattering

Microwave remote sensing is one of the importa nt means of detecting ocean oil spill, which has characteristics as all- time, all- weather, penetration and multi- frequency, multi-polarization, multi- incidence angle, and is suitable for cloudy, rainy and foggy region. Since microwave scattering mechanis m of ocean oil spill is complicated and inadequate of relevant theoretical research, which hindered the accuracy of information extraction. In recent years, a series of experiments of simulated sea oil spill were carried,however, due to the bad sea condition, it is difficult to obtain sufficient and effective data for research. It is urgent to study and design a accurate and efficient method to measurement microwave scattering of oil spill.In the dissertation, based on the principle of microwave scattering, ground-based scattermeter and indoor microwave scattering measurement system were constructed. The form of oil spill and method of microwave scattering measure were studied. Experiments in terms of simulation oil spill in ocean and laboratory were designed and implemented. The main contents are as follows:Ground-based scatterometer microwave measuring system include S/C/X band with multi- incident angle and multi-polarization measurement capability were constructed. The methed of how to obtain microwave scattering coefficient by vector network analyzer be studied, indoor microwave scattering automatic measurement system be designed on the labview platform by SPCI and VISA protocol. Design calibration algorithm to ensure indoor and outdoor instruments? precision.Explain the effect of oil spill to the sea surface base on the principle of ocean dynamics, and analysed the basic principle of detect oil spill by microwave. Studied what is the reason of difficulty carry out the ocean oil spill experiment, summarize and design accurate and efficient methods to measure oil spill microwave scattering: including: oil film laying, measuring and recovering; indoor ocean environment simulation, sample design and time domain measurement.Oil spill Simulated experiments were executed in ocean, include: the backscatter coefficient of sea-water under two kinds of wind speed(high and low) be measured by S/C/X band multi-polarition(VV, HH, VH) multi- incident angle(0 ~ 65°); the backscatter coefficient of diesel oil spill under high wind be measured by S/C/X band multi-polarization 35°incidence angle. O il spill Simulated experiments were executed in laboratory, include: the backscatter coefficient of sea-water, diesel oil spill and corn oil spill under two kinds of wind speed(high and low) be measured by Ka band full polarization 35°incidence angle. Last, amplitude and co-polarization difference characteristics of sea-water, diesel oil film and corn oil film were analyze.