Impact Of Various Ions On The Formation Of Acrylamide And 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural In Maillard Reaction

A large number of acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are formed by Maillard reaction in thermal treatment of foods, it has been attracted highly attention of researchers in the worldwide. In this paper, a Maillard model reaction system was prepared with equal amount of asparagine and glucose during heating at 165℃ for 35 min, to study the effects of different kinds and valence cations/anions on acrylamide and HMF formation, and to discuss the effects of sodium glutamate microcapsules on acrylamide and HMF formation. The purpose of this work is to find a method which could simultaneously inhibit the formation of acrylamide and HMF. The main results were as follows:(1) the effects of organic or inorganic salt on the formation of acrylamide and HMFThis study indicated that calcium lactate,zinc acetate,calcium acetate,ferrous gluconate,ferrous lactate,ferric citrate,ferrous chloride,ferric chloride,ferric phosphate could reduce the content of acrylamide at a certain extent in glucose/asparagines model system, but significantly promote HMF formation.The effects of HMF and acrylamide formation are the result of the combined action of cation and anion, and the effects of different kinds of cations/anions on the formation of acrylamide and HMF show some differences.(2) the effects of different valence metal cations on the formation of acrylamide and HMFK+,Ca2+,Zn2+,Fe3+ and Al3+ can reduce acrylamide formation, but increase HMF formation. Different valent cations induce different inhibiting efficiency for acrylamide and promoting efficiency for HMF. At the same time, three kinds of phenomena were found as follows:① the acrylamide contents decrease firstly and then increase, whereas the HMF contents increase firstly and then decrease with increasing the metal cations concentration, ② high valence metal cations requires lower concentration if maximum inhibiting for acrylamide and promoting efficiency for HMF is achieved,③the cations concentration in which HMF contents reached the maximum is lower than the cations concentration in which acrylamide contents reached the minimum.(3) the effects of sodium glutamate microcapsules on the formation of acrylamide and HMFMonosodium glutamate microcapsule could simultaneously inhibit the formation of acrylamide and HMF.The acrylamide contents decrease firstly and then increase, whereas the HMF contents reduce gradually with increasing sodium glutamate microcapsules concentration.The treatment of model reaction system with 40 μmol/L sodium glutamate microcapsules reduced acrylamide and HMF formation by 33.1% and 40% respectively during heating at 165℃ for 35 min. The maximum inhibiting efficiency for acrylamide and HMF were obtained in the presence of 40 μmol/L sodium glutamate microcapsules,and inhibition rate were 60.4% and 79.8% respectively.