Based On Life Cycle Assessment Of Livestock Product Environmental Impact Assessment And Countermeasures

With animal husbandry productivity and the residents living consumption level gradually improve in our country, people’s demand for traditional cereal continuous decline, increasing consumption of meat, eggs, milk, showing a rigid demand growth.Animal by-products degree of marketization and commercialization is increasing in China, traditional animal husbandry is turning to modern animal husbandry.Large-scale production of livestock leads to resources consumption and environmental pollution problem is increasingly serious,that threats the sustainable development of animal husbandry in the future.pork, beef,milk and eggs as the main livestock products of residents’ consumption, occupies a larger proportion in the animal husbandry production and consumption structure in China.To do a systemic comprehensive evaluation for these four livestock products environmental impact,we can identify the major impact on the environment for each livestock product. And then makes a comparison of environmental infulence for these four livestock products,and finally gets a comparison consequence to which livestock production has largest influence on environment.at present,the evaluation study for environmental impact of livestock production has been widely, but many studies have focused on the evaluation of a single aspect of the environmental impact.Life cycle assessment as a systemic and quantitative evalution method of environmental impact assessment for a product or service whole process of "from cradle to grave",can be used in comprehensive evaluation of the environmental impact of livestock production process. In this paper, choosing China’s four major livestock production（beef, pork,milk and eggs） as the research object,using life cycle assessment（LCA） method,refering to the Agricultural cost-benefit data assembly（2013） and other statistical yearbook and the related documents to obtain the national average data,investigating animal husbandry in zhangye Shigangdun pasture field of Gansu province to obtain relevant production data, using Ebalance software and using 1 kg of beef, milk, pork, eggs as functional unit（FU）, choosing five types of environmentalimpact those are Land Use,Water Use,environment acidification potential（AP）,eutrophication potential（EP）,global warming potential（GWP） and respiratory inorganics（RI）.four livestock products evaluations all chooses the CN-2010 as normalized scheme and ISCP2009 as weighted scheme,qualitatively and quantitatively evaluates unit production of a certain type of environment the influence degree of the impact,as well as the comprehensive impact on the environment.Eventually get the comparison results of environmental impact of 1kg beef, 1kg milk,1kg pork, and 1kg eggs in the life cycle:1) Comprehensive environmental impact: 1kg beef（9.93E-12） > 1kg pork（2.00E-12） > 1kg milk（1.16E-12） > 1kg egg（1.02E-12）2) Land Use: beef（2.51E+01 m²）> pork（9.76E+00 m²）> egg（5.10E+00 m²）>milk（4.97E+00 m²）3) Water Use : beef（2.90E+04 kg）>pork（5.03E+03 kg）>eggs（2.74E+03kg）>milk（2.27E+03 kg）4)AP : beef（1.97E-01 kg SO₂ eq）>milk（5.61E-02 SO₂ eq）>eggs（2.66E-02SO₂ eq）>pork（2.40E-02 SO₂ eq）5) EP :beef（4.12E-02 kg PO₄3-eq）>pork（1.74E-02 kg PO₄3-eq）>milk（1.11E-02 kg PO₄3-eq）>eggs（5.60E-03 kg PO₄3-eq）6) GWP:beef（7.48E+00 kg CO₂eq）>pork（1.79E+00 kg CO₂eq）>milk（1.04E+00 kg CO₂eq）=eggs（1.04E+00 kg CO₂eq）7) RI: beef（1.63E-02 kg PM2.5eq）>milk（8.84E-03 kg PM2.5eq）>pork（2.32E-03 kg PM2.5eq）>eggs（2.20E-03 kg PM2.5eq）Producing 1kg beef production makes the biggest influence to the environment comprehensive than milk,pork and eggs, relative to other three livestock products,beef production need to pay a large environmental costs.